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User modeling is critical for many personalized web services. Many existing methods model users based on their behaviors and the labeled data of target tasks. However, these methods cannot exploit useful information in unlabeled user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Chuhan Wu , Fangzhao Wu , Tao Qi , Jianxun Lian , Yongfeng Huang , Xing Xie

Unsupervised pre-training was a critical technique for training deep neural networks years ago. With sufficient labeled data and modern training techniques, it is possible to train very deep neural networks from scratch in a purely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-29 Jianfeng Dong , Xiao-Jiao Mao , Chunhua Shen , Yu-Bin Yang

This paper presents a fully self-supervised approach to borrowing detection in multilingual wordlists. The method combines two sources of information: PMI similarities based on a global correspondence model and a lightweight contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Tim Wientzek

Large-scale visual language models are widely used as pre-trained models and then adapted for various downstream tasks. While humans are known to efficiently learn new tasks from a few examples, deep learning models struggle with adaptation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Chuhan Zhang , Antoine Miech , Jiajun Shen , Jean-Baptiste Alayrac , Pauline Luc

Self-training is an important technique for solving semi-supervised learning problems. It leverages unlabeled data by generating pseudo-labels and combining them with a limited labeled dataset for training. The effectiveness of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Banghua Zhu , Mingyu Ding , Philip Jacobson , Ming Wu , Wei Zhan , Michael Jordan , Jiantao Jiao

We propose an unsupervised method to obtain cross-lingual embeddings without any parallel data or pre-trained word embeddings. The proposed model, which we call multilingual neural language models, takes sentences of multiple languages as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Takashi Wada , Tomoharu Iwata

Keyphrase generation is the task of automatically predicting keyphrases given a piece of long text. Despite its recent flourishing, keyphrase generation on non-English languages haven't been vastly investigated. In this paper, we call…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Yifan Gao , Qingyu Yin , Zheng Li , Rui Meng , Tong Zhao , Bing Yin , Irwin King , Michael R. Lyu

Although state-of-the-art Speech Foundational Models can produce high-quality text pseudo-labels, applying Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) for in-the-wild real-world data remains challenging due to its richer and more complex acoustics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Wen Ding , Fan Qian

Recent research demonstrates the effectiveness of using pretrained language models (PLM) to improve dense retrieval and multilingual dense retrieval. In this work, we present a simple but effective monolingual pretraining task called…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Ning Wu , Yaobo Liang , Houxing Ren , Linjun Shou , Nan Duan , Ming Gong , Daxin Jiang

Deep learning demands a huge amount of well-labeled data to train the network parameters. How to use the least amount of labeled data to obtain the desired classification accuracy is of great practical significance, because for many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Xiao Han , Zihao Wang , Enmei Tu , Gunnam Suryanarayana , Jie Yang

Recent instruction-finetuned large language models (LMs) have achieved notable performances in various tasks, such as question-answering (QA). However, despite their ability to memorize a vast amount of general knowledge across diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Soyeong Jeong , Jinheon Baek , Sukmin Cho , Sung Ju Hwang , Jong C. Park

When trained on large, unfiltered crawls from the internet, language models pick up and reproduce all kinds of undesirable biases that can be found in the data: they often generate racist, sexist, violent or otherwise toxic language. As…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Timo Schick , Sahana Udupa , Hinrich Schütze

Neural network approaches have recently shown to be effective in several information retrieval (IR) tasks. However, neural approaches often require large volumes of training data to perform effectively, which is not always available. To…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Hamed Zamani , W. Bruce Croft

Retail scenes usually contain densely packed high number of objects in each image. Standard object detection techniques use fully supervised training methodology. This is highly costly as annotating a large dense retail object detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Jaydeep Chauhan , Srikrishna Varadarajan , Muktabh Mayank Srivastava

Self-training is a classical approach in semi-supervised learning which is successfully applied to a variety of machine learning problems. Self-training algorithm generates pseudo-labels for the unlabeled examples and progressively refines…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Samet Oymak , Talha Cihad Gulcu

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is a promising approach for training deep classification models using labeled and unlabeled datasets. However, existing SSL methods rely on a large unlabeled dataset, which may not always be available in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Shin'ya Yamaguchi

We propose a semi-supervised text classifier based on self-training using one positive and one negative property of neural networks. One of the weaknesses of self-training is the semantic drift problem, where noisy pseudo-labels accumulate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Payam Karisani

Deep learning-based models, when trained in a fully-supervised manner, can be effective in performing complex image analysis tasks, although contingent upon the availability of large labeled datasets. Especially in the medical imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Ayaan Haque , Abdullah-Al-Zubaer Imran , Adam Wang , Demetri Terzopoulos

Semi-supervised algorithms aim to learn prediction functions from a small set of labeled observations and a large set of unlabeled observations. Because this framework is relevant in many applications, they have received a lot of interest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Massih-Reza Amini , Vasilii Feofanov , Loic Pauletto , Lies Hadjadj , Emilie Devijver , Yury Maximov

It is a strong prerequisite to access source data freely in many existing unsupervised domain adaptation approaches. However, source data is agnostic in many practical scenarios due to the constraints of expensive data transmission and data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Weijie Chen , Luojun Lin , Shicai Yang , Di Xie , Shiliang Pu , Yueting Zhuang , Wenqi Ren