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Federated learning (FL) enables decentralized model training without centralizing raw data. However, practical FL deployments often face a key realistic challenge: Clients participate intermittently in server aggregation and with unknown,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Herlock , Rahimi , Dionysis Kalogerias

Heterogeneous federated learning (HFL) aims to ensure effective and privacy-preserving collaboration among different entities. As newly joined clients require significant adjustments and additional training to align with the existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Kaile Wang , Jiannong Cao , Yu Yang , Xiaoyin Li , Mingjin Zhang

Federated learning (FL) on heterogeneous data (non-IID data) has recently received great attention. Most existing methods focus on studying the convergence guarantees for the global objective. While these methods can guarantee the decrease…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Shu Zheng , Tiandi Ye , Xiang Li , Ming Gao

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm that enables a large number of resource-limited nodes to collaboratively train a model without data sharing. The non-independent-and-identically-distributed (non-i.i.d.) data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Hongda Wu , Ping Wang

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralized training of machine learning models on distributed data while preserving privacy. However, in real-world FL settings, client data is often non-identically distributed and imbalanced, resulting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Gergely D. Németh , Eros Fanì , Yeat Jeng Ng , Barbara Caputo , Miguel Ángel Lozano , Nuria Oliver , Novi Quadrianto

Federated Learning (FL) is a paradigm that aims to support loosely connected clients in learning a global model collaboratively with the help of a centralized server. The most popular FL algorithm is Federated Averaging (FedAvg), which is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Yaoxin Zhuo , Baoxin Li

Federated learning (FL) is a widely employed distributed paradigm for collaboratively training machine learning models from multiple clients without sharing local data. In practice, FL encounters challenges in dealing with partial client…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Xin Liu , Wei li , Dazhi Zhan , Yu Pan , Xin Ma , Yu Ding , Zhisong Pan

Federated learning (FL) is a trending training paradigm to utilize decentralized training data. FL allows clients to update model parameters locally for several epochs, then share them to a global model for aggregation. This training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Xiaoxiao Li , Zhao Song , Jiaming Yang

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning method that offers medical institutes the prospect of collaboration in a global model while preserving the privacy of their patients. Although most medical centers conduct similar medical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Yousef Yeganeh , Azade Farshad , Johann Boschmann , Richard Gaus , Maximilian Frantzen , Nassir Navab

Federated learning (FL) aims to train machine learning (ML) models across potentially millions of edge client devices. Yet, training and customizing models for FL clients is notoriously challenging due to the heterogeneity of client data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Yuxuan Zhu , Jiachen Liu , Mosharaf Chowdhury , Fan Lai

Federated learning (FL), a novel branch of distributed machine learning (ML), develops global models through a private procedure without direct access to local datasets. However, it is still possible to access the model updates (gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Mahtab Talaei , Iman Izadi

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a key approach for distributed machine learning, enhancing online personalization while ensuring user data privacy. Instead of sending private data to a central server as in traditional approaches, FL…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Francesco Fabbri , Xianghang Liu , Jack R. McKenzie , Bartlomiej Twardowski , Tri Kurniawan Wijaya

There is an increasing interest in a fast-growing machine learning technique called Federated Learning, in which the model training is distributed over mobile user equipments (UEs), exploiting UEs' local computation and training data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Canh T. Dinh , Nguyen H. Tran , Minh N. H. Nguyen , Choong Seon Hong , Wei Bao , Albert Y. Zomaya , Vincent Gramoli

Federated learning (FL) is a promising framework for learning from distributed data while maintaining privacy. The development of efficient FL algorithms encounters various challenges, including heterogeneous data and systems, limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Yongcun Song , Ziqi Wang , Enrique Zuazua

Federated Learning (FL) is an innovative distributed machine learning paradigm that enables neural network training across devices without centralizing data. While this addresses issues of information sharing and data privacy, challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Jiayu Liu , Yong Wang , Nianbin Wang , Jing Yang , Xiaohui Tao

Federated Learning (FL) enables a group of clients to collaboratively train a model without sharing individual data, but its performance drops when client data are heterogeneous. Clustered FL tackles this by grouping similar clients.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Anik Pramanik , Murat Kantarcioglu , Vincent Oria , Shantanu Sharma

The uneven distribution of local data across different edge devices (clients) results in slow model training and accuracy reduction in federated learning. Naive federated learning (FL) strategy and most alternative solutions attempted to…

Federated learning has emerged in the last decade as a distributed optimization paradigm due to the rapidly increasing number of portable devices able to support the heavy computational needs related to the training of machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Emanuel Buttaci , Giuseppe Carlo Calafiore

Federated Learning (FL) is a recent development in distributed machine learning that collaboratively trains models without training data leaving client devices, preserving data privacy. In real-world FL, the training set is distributed over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Jed Mills , Jia Hu , Geyong Min , Rui Jin , Siwei Zheng , Jin Wang

The theoretical landscape of federated learning (FL) undergoes rapid evolution, but its practical application encounters a series of intricate challenges, and hyperparameter optimization is one of these critical challenges. Amongst the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Ziyao Wang , Jianyu Wang , Ang Li