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The impressive performance of transformer models has sparked the deployment of intelligent applications on resource-constrained edge devices. However, ensuring high-quality service for real-time edge systems is a significant challenge due…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Guanyu Xu , Zhiwei Hao , Li Shen , Yong Luo , Fuhui Sun , Xiaoyan Wang , Han Hu , Yonggang Wen

Self-attention-based transformer models have achieved tremendous success in the domain of natural language processing. Despite their efficacy, accelerating the transformer is challenging due to its quadratic computational complexity and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Shikhar Tuli , Niraj K. Jha

Transformers have revolutionized deep learning and generative modeling to enable unprecedented advancements in natural language processing tasks and beyond. However, designing hardware accelerators for executing transformer models is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Pratyush Dhingra , Janardhan Rao Doppa , Partha Pratim Pande

The success of DNN pruning has led to the development of energy-efficient inference accelerators that support pruned models with sparse weight and activation tensors. Because the memory layouts and dataflows in these architectures are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Dingqing Yang , Amin Ghasemazar , Xiaowei Ren , Maximilian Golub , Guy Lemieux , Mieszko Lis

Recent advances in Transformers have come with a huge requirement on computing resources, highlighting the importance of developing efficient training techniques to make Transformer training faster, at lower cost, and to higher accuracy by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Bohan Zhuang , Jing Liu , Zizheng Pan , Haoyu He , Yuetian Weng , Chunhua Shen

State-of-the-art Transformer-based models, with gigantic parameters, are difficult to be accommodated on resource constrained embedded devices. Moreover, with the development of technology, more and more embedded devices are available to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Panjie Qi , Edwin Hsing-Mean Sha , Qingfeng Zhuge , Hongwu Peng , Shaoyi Huang , Zhenglun Kong , Yuhong Song , Bingbing Li

Automated design of efficient transformer models has recently attracted significant attention from industry and academia. However, most works only focus on certain metrics while searching for the best-performing transformer architecture.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Shikhar Tuli , Niraj K. Jha

Research in efficient vision backbones is evolving into models that are a mixture of convolutions and transformer blocks. A smart combination of both, architecture-wise and component-wise is mandatory to excel in the speedaccuracy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Moritz Nottebaum , Matteo Dunnhofer , Christian Micheloni

In recent years, transformer models have revolutionized Natural Language Processing (NLP) and shown promising performance on Computer Vision (CV) tasks. Despite their effectiveness, transformers' attention operations are hard to accelerate…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Zhe Zhou , Junlin Liu , Zhenyu Gu , Guangyu Sun

Transformer models have revolutionized AI tasks, but their large size hinders real-world deployment on resource-constrained and latency-critical edge devices. While binarized Transformers offer a promising solution by significantly reducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yuhao Ji , Chao Fang , Shaobo Ma , Haikuo Shao , Zhongfeng Wang

In the world of deep learning, Transformer models have become very significant, leading to improvements in many areas from understanding language to recognizing images, covering a wide range of applications. Despite their success, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Ghadeer Jaradat , Mohammed Tolba , Ghada Alsuhli , Hani Saleh , Mahmoud Al-Qutayri , Thanos Stouraitis , Baker Mohammad

Recently, deep learning has made remarkable strides, especially with generative modeling, such as large language models and probabilistic diffusion models. However, training these models often involves significant computational resources,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Lujia Zhong , Shuo Huang , Yonggang Shi

The increasing complexity of transformer models in artificial intelligence expands their computational costs, memory usage, and energy consumption. Hardware acceleration tackles the ensuing challenges by designing processors and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Alireza Amirshahi , Giovanni Ansaloni , David Atienza

Massively pre-trained transformer models are computationally expensive to fine-tune, slow for inference, and have large storage requirements. Recent approaches tackle these shortcomings by training smaller models, dynamically reducing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Andreas Rücklé , Gregor Geigle , Max Glockner , Tilman Beck , Jonas Pfeiffer , Nils Reimers , Iryna Gurevych

Transformers are considered one of the most important deep learning models since 2018, in part because it establishes state-of-the-art (SOTA) records and could potentially replace existing Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Despite the remarkable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Hongwu Peng , Shaoyi Huang , Shiyang Chen , Bingbing Li , Tong Geng , Ang Li , Weiwen Jiang , Wujie Wen , Jinbo Bi , Hang Liu , Caiwen Ding

Real-time object detection is crucial for real-world applications as it requires high accuracy with low latency. While Detection Transformers (DETR) have demonstrated significant performance improvements, current real-time DETR models are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Jiannan Huang , Aditya Kane , Fengzhe Zhou , Yunchao Wei , Humphrey Shi

Deep network architectures struggle to continually learn new tasks without forgetting the previous tasks. A recent trend indicates that dynamic architectures based on an expansion of the parameters can reduce catastrophic forgetting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Arthur Douillard , Alexandre Ramé , Guillaume Couairon , Matthieu Cord

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance on various vision tasks. However, ViTs' self-attention module is still arguably a major bottleneck, limiting their achievable hardware efficiency. Meanwhile, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Haoran You , Zhanyi Sun , Huihong Shi , Zhongzhi Yu , Yang Zhao , Yongan Zhang , Chaojian Li , Baopu Li , Yingyan Celine Lin

Recently, automated co-design of machine learning (ML) models and accelerator architectures has attracted significant attention from both the industry and academia. However, most co-design frameworks either explore a limited search space or…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Shikhar Tuli , Chia-Hao Li , Ritvik Sharma , Niraj K. Jha

Transformers are central to advances in artificial intelligence (AI), excelling in fields ranging from computer vision to natural language processing. Despite their success, their large parameter count and computational demands challenge…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Qunyou Liu , Marina Zapater , David Atienza
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