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Real-world time series data that commonly reflect sequential human behavior are often uniquely irregularly sampled and sparse, with highly nonuniform sampling over time and entities. Yet, commonly-used pretraining and augmentation methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Nicasia Beebe-Wang , Sayna Ebrahimi , Jinsung Yoon , Sercan O. Arik , Tomas Pfister

This paper introduces a data-driven time embedding method for modeling long-range seasonal dependencies in spatiotemporal forecasting tasks. The proposed approach employs Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) to extract temporal modes directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Menglin Kong , Vincent Zhihao Zheng , Xudong Wang , Lijun Sun

Data augmentation is a technique to improve the generalization ability of machine learning methods by increasing the size of the dataset. However, since every augmentation method is not equally effective for every dataset, you need to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Daisuke Oba , Shinnosuke Matsuo , Brian Kenji Iwana

Data Augmentation (DA) is a technique to increase the quantity and diversity of the training data, and by that alleviate overfitting and improve generalisation. However, standard DA produces synthetic data for augmentation with limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Lorenzo Tronchin , Minh H. Vu , Paolo Soda , Tommy Löfstedt

The high dimensionality and complexity of neuroimaging data necessitate large datasets to develop robust and high-performing deep learning models. However, the neuroimaging field is notably hampered by the scarcity of such datasets. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Yutong Gao , Charles A. Ellis , Vince D. Calhoun , Robyn L. Miller

To address an emerging need for large number of diverse datasets for rigor evaluation of signal processing techniques, we developed and evaluated a new method for generating synthetic electrogastrogram time series. We used…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-09 Nadica Miljković , Nikola Milenić , Nenad B. Popović , Jaka Sodnik

The increasing need for accurate and unified analysis of diverse biological signals, such as ECG and EEG, is paramount for comprehensive patient assessment, especially in synchronous monitoring. Despite advances in multi-sensor fusion, a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-18 Mohammed Guhdar , Ramadhan J. Mstafa , Abdulhakeem O. Mohammed

Our study investigates the impact of data augmentation on the performance of multivariate time series models, focusing on datasets from the UCR archive. Despite the limited size of these datasets, we achieved classification accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Romain Ilbert , Thai V. Hoang , Zonghua Zhang

Robust cardiac image segmentation is still an open challenge due to the inability of the existing methods to achieve satisfactory performance on unseen data of different domains. Since the acquisition and annotation of medical data are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-27 Xiao Liu , Spyridon Thermos , Agisilaos Chartsias , Alison O'Neil , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

Time series foundation models (TSFMs) such as Lag-Llama, TimeGPT, Chronos, MOMENT, UniTS, and TimesFM have shown strong generalization and zero-shot capabilities for time series forecasting, anomaly detection, classification, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Dhruv D. Modi , Rong Pan

Time series (TS) data have consistently been in short supply, yet their demand remains high for training systems in prediction, modeling, classification, and various other applications. Synthesis can serve to expand the sample population,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-23 Tracey K. M. Lee , H. W. Chan , K. H. Leo , Effie Chew , L. Zhao , Saeid Sanei

In the transformative landscape of smart cities, the integration of the cutting-edge web technologies into time series forecasting presents a pivotal opportunity to enhance urban planning, sustainability, and economic growth. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Ziyi Zhang , Shaogang Ren , Xiaoning Qian , Nick Duffield

Data synthesis and augmentation are essential for Sound Event Detection (SED) due to the scarcity of temporally labeled data. While augmentation methods like SpecAugment and Mix-up can enhance model performance, they remain constrained by…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Jiarui Hai , Mounya Elhilali

Modern deep neural networks can produce badly calibrated predictions, especially when train and test distributions are mismatched. Training an ensemble of models and averaging their predictions can help alleviate these issues. We propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Asa Cooper Stickland , Iain Murray

Although the rise of large language models (LLMs) has introduced new opportunities for time series forecasting, existing LLM-based solutions require excessive training and exhibit limited transferability. In view of these challenges, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Silin Yang , Dong Wang , Haoqi Zheng , Ruochun Jin

Temporal non-stationarity, the phenomenon that time series distributions change over time, poses fundamental challenges to reliable time series forecasting. Intuitively, the complex time series can be decomposed into two factors, \ie…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Mingyuan Xia , Chunxu Zhang , Zijian Zhang , Hao Miao , Qidong Liu , Yuanshao Zhu , Bo Yang

Temporal sentence grounding in videos (TSGV) faces challenges due to public TSGV datasets containing significant temporal biases, which are attributed to the uneven temporal distributions of target moments. Existing methods generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Junlong Ren , Gangjian Zhang , Haifeng Sun , Hao Wang

The event camera has demonstrated significant success across a wide range of areas due to its low time latency and high dynamic range. However, the community faces challenges such as data deficiency and limited diversity, often resulting in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Yukun Tian , Hao Chen , Yongjian Deng , Feihong Shen , Kepan Liu , Wei You , Ziyang Zhang

With the increasing utilization of deep learning in outdoor settings, its robustness needs to be enhanced to preserve accuracy in the face of distribution shifts, such as compression artifacts. Data augmentation is a widely used technique…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Shohei Enomoto , Monikka Roslianna Busto , Takeharu Eda

Data augmentation methods have played an important role in the recent advance of deep learning models, and have become an indispensable component of state-of-the-art models in semi-supervised, self-supervised, and supervised training for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Emirhan Kurtulus , Zichao Li , Yann Dauphin , Ekin Dogus Cubuk