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Automated feedback generation for introductory programming assignments is useful for programming education. Most works try to generate feedback to correct a student program by comparing its behavior with an instructor's reference program on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Umair Z. Ahmed , Zhiyu Fan , Jooyong Yi , Omar I. Al-Bataineh , Abhik Roychoudhury

Advanced test-time computing strategies are essential for scaling reasoning models, but their effectiveness is capped by the models' poor self-evaluation. We propose a pairwise Explanatory Verifier, trained via reinforcement learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Anisha Garg , Engin Tekin , Yash More , David Bick , Nishit Neema , Ganesh Venkatesh

Replicating human-level intelligence in the execution of embodied tasks remains challenging due to the unconstrained nature of real-world environments. Novel use of large language models (LLMs) for task planning seeks to address the…

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained using massive text datasets have recently shown promise in generating action plans for robotic agents from high level text queries. However, these models typically do not consider the robot's…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Maitrey Gramopadhye , Daniel Szafir

As modern science becomes increasingly data-intensive, the ability to analyze and visualize large-scale, complex datasets is critical to accelerating discovery. However, many domain scientists lack the programming expertise required to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Apu Kumar Chakroborti , Yi Ding , Lipeng Wan

The success of a Large Language Model (LLM) task depends heavily on its prompt. Most use-cases specify prompts using natural language, which is inherently ambiguous when multiple objectives must be simultaneously satisfied. In this paper we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ofir Marom

Complex, multi-task problems have proven to be difficult to solve efficiently in a sparse-reward reinforcement learning setting. In order to be sample efficient, multi-task learning requires reuse and sharing of low-level policies. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Valerie Chen , Abhinav Gupta , Kenneth Marino

Prompt learning is an effective paradigm that bridges gaps between the pre-training tasks and the corresponding downstream applications. Approaches based on this paradigm have achieved great transcendent results in various applications.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Zhigang Kan , Linhui Feng , Zhangyue Yin , Linbo Qiao , Xipeng Qiu , Dongsheng Li

Using large language models (LLMs) to generate source code from natural language prompts is a popular and promising idea with a wide range of applications. One of its limitations is that the generated code can be faulty at times, often in a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Yue Chen Li , Stefan Zetzsche , Siva Somayyajula

There has been considerable divergence of opinion on the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). While the initial optimism that reasoning might emerge automatically with scale has been tempered thanks to a slew of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Kaya Stechly , Karthik Valmeekam , Subbarao Kambhampati

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit advanced reasoning skills, enabling robots to comprehend natural language instructions and strategically plan high-level actions through proper grounding. However, LLM hallucination may result in robots…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Kaiqu Liang , Zixu Zhang , Jaime Fernández Fisac

Making errors is part of the programming process -- even for the most seasoned professionals. Novices in particular are bound to make many errors while learning. It is well known that traditional (compiler/interpreter) programming error…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Audrey Salmon , Katie Hammer , Eddie Antonio Santos , Brett A. Becker

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating software code for high-level programming languages such as Python and C++. However, their application to hardware description languages, such as Verilog,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Yan Tan , Xiangchen Meng , Zijun Jiang , Yangdi Lyu

When instructing robots, users want to flexibly express constraints, refer to arbitrary landmarks, and verify robot behavior, while robots must disambiguate instructions into specifications and ground instruction referents in the real…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Benedict Quartey , Eric Rosen , Stefanie Tellex , George Konidaris

With the advent of AI-based coding engines, it is possible to convert natural language requirements to executable code in standard programming languages. However, AI-generated code can be unreliable, and the natural language requirements…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Martin Mirchev , Andreea Costea , Abhishek Kr Singh , Abhik Roychoudhury

Test cases are essential for validating the reliability and quality of software applications. Recent studies have demonstrated the capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate useful test cases for given source code. However, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Shuzheng Gao , Chaozheng Wang , Cuiyun Gao , Xiaoqian Jiao , Chun Yong Chong , Shan Gao , Michael Lyu

The inherent probabilistic nature of Large Language Models (LLMs) introduces an element of unpredictability, raising concerns about potential discrepancies in their output. This paper introduces an innovative approach aims to generate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Md Sadman Sakib , Yu Sun

Over the last decade, the use of robots in production and daily life has increased. With increasingly complex tasks and interaction in different environments including humans, robots are required a higher level of autonomy for efficient…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Daniele Meli , Hirenkumar Nakawala , Paolo Fiorini

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise in automated software engineering, yet their guarantee of correctness is frequently undermined by erroneous or hallucinated code. To enforce model honesty, formal verification requires LLMs to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Md Erfan , Md Kamal Hossain Chowdhury , Ahmed Ryan , Md Rayhanur Rahman

We introduce a novel framework named ClarifyGPT, which aims to enhance code generation by empowering LLMs with the ability to identify ambiguous requirements and ask targeted clarifying questions. In particular, ClarifyGPT first detects…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Fangwen Mu , Lin Shi , Song Wang , Zhuohao Yu , Binquan Zhang , Chenxue Wang , Shichao Liu , Qing Wang