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Traditional methods for autonomous driving are implemented with many building blocks from perception, planning and control, making them difficult to generalize to varied scenarios due to complex assumptions and interdependencies. Recently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Peide Cai , Yuxiang Sun , Hengli Wang , Ming Liu

Recent advancements in world models have revolutionized dynamic environment simulation, allowing systems to foresee future states and assess potential actions. In autonomous driving, these capabilities help vehicles anticipate the behavior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Anthony Chen , Wenzhao Zheng , Yida Wang , Xueyang Zhang , Kun Zhan , Peng Jia , Kurt Keutzer , Shanghang Zhang

Transparency and explainability are important features that responsible autonomous vehicles should possess, particularly when interacting with humans, and causal reasoning offers a strong basis to provide these qualities. However, even if…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Rhys Howard , Nick Hawes , Lars Kunze

Learning to perform accurate and rich simulations of human driving behaviors from data for autonomous vehicle testing remains challenging due to human driving styles' high diversity and variance. We address this challenge by proposing a…

The development of automated vehicles has the potential to revolutionize transportation, but they are currently unable to ensure a safe and time-efficient driving style. Reliable models predicting human behavior are essential for overcoming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Julian F. Schumann , Aravinda Ramakrishnan Srinivasan , Jens Kober , Gustav Markkula , Arkady Zgonnikov

The ability to predict the future movements of other vehicles is a subconscious and effortless skill for humans and key to safe autonomous driving. Therefore, trajectory prediction for autonomous cars has gained a lot of attention in recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Benedikt Mersch , Thomas Höllen , Kun Zhao , Cyrill Stachniss , Ribana Roscher

Trajectory generation and trajectory prediction are two critical tasks in autonomous driving, which generate various trajectories for testing during development and predict the trajectories of surrounding vehicles during operation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Ruochen Jiao , Yixuan Wang , Xiangguo Liu , Chao Huang , Qi Zhu

Generating multi-vehicle trajectories from existing limited data can provide rich resources for autonomous vehicle development and testing. This paper introduces a multi-vehicle trajectory generator (MTG) that can encode multi-vehicle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Wenhao Ding , Wenshuo Wang , Ding Zhao

We consider the problem of generating realistic traffic scenes automatically. Existing methods typically insert actors into the scene according to a set of hand-crafted heuristics and are limited in their ability to model the true…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Shuhan Tan , Kelvin Wong , Shenlong Wang , Sivabalan Manivasagam , Mengye Ren , Raquel Urtasun

The adoption of self-driving cars will certainly revolutionize our lives, even though they may take more time to become fully autonomous than initially predicted. The first vehicles are already present in certain cities of the world, as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Carlos Crispim-Junior , Romain Guesdon , Christophe Jallais , Florent Laroche , Stephanie Souche-Le Corvec , Laure Tougne Rodet

Recent breakthroughs in autonomous driving have been propelled by advances in robust world modeling, fundamentally transforming how vehicles interpret dynamic scenes and execute safe decision-making. World models have emerged as a linchpin…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Tuo Feng , Wenguan Wang , Yi Yang

Simulation has long been an essential part of testing autonomous driving systems, but only recently has simulation been useful for building and training self-driving vehicles. Vehicle behavioural models are necessary to simulate the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Ao Li , Liting Sun , Wei Zhan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

We develop a generic mechanism for generating vehicle-type specific sequences of waypoints from a probabilistic foundation model of driving behavior. Many foundation behavior models are trained on data that does not include vehicle…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Yunpeng Liu , Jonathan Wilder Lavington , Adam Scibior , Frank Wood

Drivers have distinctively diverse behaviors when operating vehicles in natural traffic flow, such as preferred pedal position, car-following distance, preview time headway, etc. These highly personalized behavioral variations are known to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-28 Yao Ma , Junmin Wang

Current methods to learn controllers for autonomous vehicles (AVs) focus on behavioural cloning. Being trained only on exact historic data, the resulting agents often generalize poorly to novel scenarios. Simulators provide the opportunity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Asen Nachkov , Danda Pani Paudel , Luc Van Gool

The generation of safety-critical scenarios in simulation has become increasingly crucial for safety evaluation in autonomous vehicles prior to road deployment in society. However, current approaches largely rely on predefined threat…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Jiangfan Liu , Yongkang Guo , Fangzhi Zhong , Tianyuan Zhang , Zonglei Jing , Siyuan Liang , Jiakai Wang , Mingchuan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

When automated driving systems encounter complex situations beyond their operational capabilities, they issue takeover requests, prompting drivers to resume vehicle control and return to the driving loop as a critical safety backup.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Kexin Liang , Jan Luca Kästle , Bani Anvari , Simeon C. Calvert , J. W. C. van Lint

Interactions between road users are both highly non-linear and profoundly complex, and there is no reason to expect that interactions between autonomous vehicles will be any different. Given the recent rapid development of autonomous…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-12 Matthew Le Maitre , Amanda Prorok

This work presents a methodology for modeling and predicting human behavior in settings with N humans interacting in highly multimodal scenarios (i.e. where there are many possible highly-distinct futures). A motivating example includes…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Boris Ivanovic , Edward Schmerling , Karen Leung , Marco Pavone

Driving style is usually used to characterize driving behavior for a driver or a group of drivers. However, it remains unclear how one individual's driving style shares certain common grounds with other drivers. Our insight is that driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Chaopeng Zhang , Wenshuo Wang , Zhaokun Chen , Jian Zhang , Lijun Sun , Junqiang Xi
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