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Recently vision transformers (ViT) have been applied successfully for various tasks in computer vision. However, important questions such as why they work or how they behave still remain largely unknown. In this paper, we propose an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Van-Anh Nguyen , Khanh Pham Dinh , Long Tung Vuong , Thanh-Toan Do , Quan Hung Tran , Dinh Phung , Trung Le

Attention is fundamental to both biological and artificial intelligence, yet research on animal attention and AI self attention remains largely disconnected. We propose a Recurrent Vision Transformer (Recurrent ViT) that integrates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jonathan Morgan , Badr Albanna , James P. Herman

Recent works have demonstrated that transformer can achieve promising performance in computer vision, by exploiting the relationship among image patches with self-attention. While they only consider the attention in a single feature layer,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Nannan Li , Yaran Chen , Weifan Li , Zixiang Ding , Dongbin Zhao

Recently, Transformers have shown promising performance in various vision tasks. However, the high costs of global self-attention remain challenging for Transformers, especially for high-resolution vision tasks. Inspired by one of the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Zhemin Zhang , Xun Gong

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance on various vision tasks. However, ViTs' self-attention module is still arguably a major bottleneck, limiting their achievable hardware efficiency. Meanwhile, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Haoran You , Zhanyi Sun , Huihong Shi , Zhongzhi Yu , Yang Zhao , Yongan Zhang , Chaojian Li , Baopu Li , Yingyan Celine Lin

Self-attention-based vision transformers (ViTs) have emerged as a highly competitive architecture in computer vision. Unlike convolutional neural networks (CNNs), ViTs are capable of global information sharing. With the development of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Zhenzhen Chu , Jiayu Chen , Cen Chen , Chengyu Wang , Ziheng Wu , Jun Huang , Weining Qian

In recent years, vision transformers (ViTs) have emerged as powerful and promising techniques for computer vision tasks such as image classification, object detection, and segmentation. Unlike convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Shaibal Saha , Lanyu Xu

Multi-scale Vision Transformer (ViT) has emerged as a powerful backbone for computer vision tasks, while the self-attention computation in Transformer scales quadratically w.r.t. the input patch number. Thus, existing solutions commonly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Ting Yao , Yingwei Pan , Yehao Li , Chong-Wah Ngo , Tao Mei

A recent work shows that Attention Transfer, which transfers only the attention patterns from a pre-trained teacher Vision Transformer (ViT) to a randomly initialized standard student ViT, is sufficient to recover the full benefit of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Huaiyuan Qin , Muli Yang , Gabriel James Goenawan , Peng Hu , Chen Gong , Xi Peng , Hongyuan Zhu

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) evaluate short-range correlations in input images which progress along the layers, whereas vision transformer (ViT) architectures evaluate long-range correlations, using repeated transformer encoders…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Ella Koresh , Ronit D. Gross , Yuval Meir , Yarden Tzach , Tal Halevi , Ido Kanter

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have so far been the de-facto model for visual data. Recent work has shown that (Vision) Transformer models (ViT) can achieve comparable or even superior performance on image classification tasks. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Maithra Raghu , Thomas Unterthiner , Simon Kornblith , Chiyuan Zhang , Alexey Dosovitskiy

Transformer has been very successful in various computer vision tasks and understanding the working mechanism of transformer is important. As touchstones, weakly-supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) and class activation map (CAM) are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Lianghui Zhu , Yingyue Li , Jiemin Fang , Yan Liu , Hao Xin , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang

We investigate the robustness of vision transformers (ViTs) through the lens of their special patch-based architectural structure, i.e., they process an image as a sequence of image patches. We find that ViTs are surprisingly insensitive to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Yao Qin , Chiyuan Zhang , Ting Chen , Balaji Lakshminarayanan , Alex Beutel , Xuezhi Wang

Very recently, a variety of vision transformer architectures for dense prediction tasks have been proposed and they show that the design of spatial attention is critical to their success in these tasks. In this work, we revisit the design…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Xiangxiang Chu , Zhi Tian , Yuqing Wang , Bo Zhang , Haibing Ren , Xiaolin Wei , Huaxia Xia , Chunhua Shen

Recently, a considerable number of studies in computer vision involves deep neural architectures called vision transformers. Visual processing in these models incorporates computational models that are claimed to implement attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Paria Mehrani , John K. Tsotsos

Transformers have become one of the dominant architectures in deep learning, particularly as a powerful alternative to convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in computer vision. However, Transformer training and inference in previous works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Zizheng Pan , Bohan Zhuang , Haoyu He , Jing Liu , Jianfei Cai

Transformers, composed of multiple self-attention layers, hold strong promises toward a generic learning primitive applicable to different data modalities, including the recent breakthroughs in computer vision achieving state-of-the-art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Sayak Paul , Pin-Yu Chen

Shift equivariance is a fundamental principle that governs how we perceive the world - our recognition of an object remains invariant with respect to shifts. Transformers have gained immense popularity due to their effectiveness in both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Peijian Ding , Davit Soselia , Thomas Armstrong , Jiahao Su , Furong Huang

Vision Transformers (ViTs) partition input images into uniformly sized patches regardless of their content, resulting in long input sequence lengths for high-resolution images. We present Adaptive Patch Transformers (APT), which addresses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Rohan Choudhury , JungEun Kim , Jinhyung Park , Eunho Yang , László A. Jeni , Kris M. Kitani

The multi-head self-attention mechanism of the transformer model has been thoroughly investigated recently. In one vein of study, researchers are interested in understanding why and how transformers work. In another vein, researchers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Raymond Li , Wen Xiao , Linzi Xing , Lanjun Wang , Gabriel Murray , Giuseppe Carenini