Related papers: Fundamental properties of beam-splitters in classi…
Optical lossless beam splitters are frequently encountered in fundamental physics experiments regarding the nature of light, including "which-way" determination of light particles, N. Bohr's complementarity principle, or the EPR paradox and…
Richard Feynman's method of path integrals is based on the fundamental assumption that a system starting at a point A and arriving at a point B takes all possible paths from A to B, with each path contributing its own (complex) probability…
One of the most striking quantum phenomena is photon bunching resulting from coincidently impinging two-indistinguishable photons on a beam splitter (BS) from two different input ports. Such a nonclassical feature has also been observed…
The crux of quantum optics is using beam splitters to generate entanglement, including in pioneering experiments conducted by Hanbury-Brown and Twiss and Hong, Ou, and Mandel. This lies at the heart of what makes boson sampling hard to…
We theoretically investigate quantum interference of two single photons at a lossy asymmetric beam splitter, the most general passive 2$\times$2 optical circuit. The losses in the circuit result in a non-unitary scattering matrix with a…
When a one-photon state is mixed with a (separate) weak coherent state at a beamsplitter the probability for detecting one photon in each beamsplitter output approaches zero due to destructive interference. We demonstrate this non-classical…
When a single beam-splitter receives two beams of bosons described by Fock states (Bose-Einstein condensates at very low temperatures), interesting generalizations of the two-photon Hong-Ou-Mandel effect take place for larger number of…
Quantum optics bridges esoteric notions of entanglement and superposition with practical applications like metrology and communication. Throughout, there is an interplay between information theoretic concepts such as entropy and physical…
The theory of the beam splitter (BS) in quantum optics is well developed and based on fairly simple mathematical and physical foundations. This theory has been developed for any type of BS and is based on the constancy of the reflection…
We propose a novel approach for solving the scattering of light onto a two-level atom coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide. We first express the physical quantity of interest in terms of Feynman diagrams and treat the atom as a…
We present the asymptotic analysis of the quantum two-port interferometer in the $n \rightarrow \infty$ limit of $n$ partially indistinguishable photons. Using the unitary-unitary duality between port and inner-mode degrees of freedom, the…
The second-order temporal interference of classical and nonclassical light at an asymmetrical beam splitter is discussed based on two-photon interference in Feynman's path integral theory. The visibility of the second-order interference…
Beam splitters are indispensable elements in optical and photonic systems, and are therefore employed in both classical and quantum technologies. Depending on the intended application, these devices can divide incident light according to…
Preparation of entangled states of photons are useful for quantum computing and communication. In this paper, we present a simplistic protocol of entanglement generation using beam splitters with suitable reflectivity. The photons in an…
Born rule is key to understanding quantum mechanics based on the probability amplitude for the measurement process of a physical quantity. Based on a typical particle nature of a photon, the quantum feature of photon bunching on a beam…
By directing the input light into a particular mode it is possible to obtain as output all of the input light for a beam splitter that is 50% absorbing. This effect is also responsible for nonlinear quantum interference when two photons are…
In linear optics, photons are scattered in a network through passive optical elements including beamsplitters and phase shifters, leading to many intriguing applications in physics, such as Mach-Zehnder interferometry, Hong-Ou-Mandel…
In this letter, we present a simple and versatile scheme for enhancing the nonclassical properties of light states using only linear optics and photodetectors. By combining a coherent state $|\alpha\rangle$ and an arbitrary pure state of…
A full treatment for the scattering of an arbitrary number of bosons through a Bell multiport beam splitter is presented that includes all possible output arrangements. Due to exchange symmetry, the event statistics differs dramatically…
We present a comprehensive study of the impact of non-uniform, i.e.\ path-dependent, photonic losses on the computational complexity of linear-optical processes. Our main result states that, if each beam splitter in a network induces some…