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Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a widely adopted parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) technique for foundation models. Recent work has highlighted an inherent asymmetry in the initialization of LoRA's low-rank factors, which has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-18 Anastasis Kratsios , Tin Sum Cheng , Aurelien Lucchi , Haitz Sáez de Ocáriz Borde

Large Language Models(LLMs) excel in general tasks but struggle in specialized domains like healthcare due to limited domain-specific knowledge.Supervised Fine-Tuning(SFT) data construction for domain adaptation often relies on heuristic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Hongxin Ding , Yue Fang , Runchuan Zhu , Xinke Jiang , Jinyang Zhang , Yongxin Xu , Xu Chu , Junfeng Zhao , Yasha Wang

Adapting pretrained large language models (LLMs) to code domains via supervised fine-tuning (FT) has been commonly used for code generation. However, we identify a previously underappreciated failure mode, the memorization barrier, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Changsheng Wang , Xin Chen , Sijia Liu , Ke Ding

Fine-tuning of self-supervised models is a powerful transfer learning method in a variety of fields, including speech processing, since it can utilize generic feature representations obtained from large amounts of unlabeled data.…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Shinta Otake , Rei Kawakami , Nakamasa Inoue

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) of text-to-image models has become an increasingly popular technique with many applications. Among the various PEFT methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) and its variants have gained significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Zerui Tao , Yuhta Takida , Naoki Murata , Qibin Zhao , Yuki Mitsufuji

Limited labeled data makes it hard to train models from scratch in medical domain, and an important paradigm is pre-training and then fine-tuning. Large pre-trained models contain rich representations, which can be adapted to downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Along He , Kai Wang , Zhihong Wang , Tao Li , Huazhu Fu

Recently, data heterogeneity among the training datasets on the local clients (a.k.a., Non-IID data) has attracted intense interest in Federated Learning (FL), and many personalized federated learning methods have been proposed to handle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Xueyang Tang , Song Guo , Jie Zhang

Adapting deep learning models to new domains often requires computationally intensive retraining and risks catastrophic forgetting. While fine-tuning enables domain-specific adaptation, it can reduce robustness to distribution shifts,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Reza Akbarian Bafghi , Carden Bagwell , Avinash Ravichandran , Ashish Shrivastava , Maziar Raissi

Deep learning models can perform well when evaluated on images from the same distribution as the training set. However, applying small perturbations in the forms of noise, artifacts, occlusions, blurring, etc. to a model's input image and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Zahra Golpayegani , Patrick St-Amant , Nizar Bouguila

We consider the continual representation learning setting: sequentially pretrain a model $M'$ on tasks $T_1, \ldots, T_T$, and then adapt $M'$ on a small amount of data from each task $T_i$ to check if it has forgotten information from old…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Michael Sun , Ananya Kumar , Divyam Madaan , Percy Liang

The success of large-scale pre-trained models has established fine-tuning as a standard method for achieving significant improvements in downstream tasks. However, fine-tuning the entire parameter set of a pre-trained model is costly.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Yijin Huang , Pujin Cheng , Roger Tam , Xiaoying Tang

LiDAR-based 3D object detection has seen impressive advances in recent times. However, deploying trained 3D detectors in the real world often yields unsatisfactory performance when the distribution of the test data significantly deviates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Zhuoxiao Chen , Zixin Wang , Yadan Luo , Sen Wang , Zi Huang

Multi-fidelity (MF) methods are gaining popularity for enhancing surrogate modeling and design optimization by incorporating data from various low-fidelity (LF) models. While most existing MF methods assume a fixed dataset, adaptive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-06 Yi-Ping Chen , Liwei Wang , Yigitcan Comlek , Wei Chen

Executing multiple tasks simultaneously in medical image analysis, including segmentation, classification, detection, and regression, often introduces significant challenges regarding model generalizability and the optimization of shared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Hui Wan , Libin Lan

With the emergence of large-scale pre-trained neural networks, methods to adapt such "foundation" models to data-limited downstream tasks have become a necessity. Fine-tuning, preference optimization, and transfer learning have all been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-09 Javan Tahir , Surya Ganguli , Grant M. Rotskoff

Post-training processes are essential phases in grounding pre-trained language models to real-world tasks, with learning from demonstrations or preference signals playing a crucial role in this adaptation. We present a unified theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Bo Wang , Qinyuan Cheng , Runyu Peng , Rong Bao , Peiji Li , Qipeng Guo , Linyang Li , Zhiyuan Zeng , Yunhua Zhou , Xipeng Qiu

Soft Prompt Tuning (SPT) is a parameter-efficient method for adapting pre-trained language models (PLMs) to specific tasks by inserting learnable embeddings, or soft prompts, at the input layer of the PLM, without modifying its parameters.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Fred Philippy , Siwen Guo , Shohreh Haddadan , Cedric Lothritz , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

Recently, efficient fine-tuning of large-scale pre-trained models has attracted increasing research interests, where linear probing (LP) as a fundamental module is involved in exploiting the final representations for task-dependent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Mingze Gao , Qilong Wang , Zhenyi Lin , Pengfei Zhu , Qinghua Hu , Jingbo Zhou

Accurate de novo molecular and materials design requires structure-property models that generalize beyond known regimes. Although pretrained atomistic models achieve strong in-distribution accuracy after fine-tuning, their reliability under…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-01-14 Chengqian Zhang , Duo Zhang , Anyang Peng , Mingyu Guo , Yuzhi Zhang , Lei Wang , Guolin Ke , Linfeng Zhang , Tiejun Li , Han Wang

In this study, we propose Shortcut Fine-Tuning (SFT), a new approach for addressing the challenge of fast sampling of pretrained Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs). SFT advocates for the fine-tuning of DDPM samplers through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Ying Fan , Kangwook Lee