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The ability to tailor laser light on a chip using integrated photonics has allowed for extensive control over fundamental light-matter interactions in manifold quantum systems including atoms, trapped ions, quantum dots, and defect centers.…

Advancing quantum information, communication and sensing relies on the generation and control of quantum correlations in complementary degrees of freedom. Here, we demonstrate the preparation of electron-photon pair states using the…

Photon-induced Near-field Electron Microscopy (PINEM) effect has revealed the quantum interaction between free electrons and optical near filed, which demonstrated plenty of novel phenomena of manipulating free electron wave packet and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 Hongteng Lin , Xiaotong Xiong , Junjie Liu , Yidong Huang , Fang Liu

The Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) encoding of a qubit within an oscillator provides a number of advantages when used in a fault-tolerant architecture for quantum computing, most notably that Gaussian operations suffice to implement all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-09 Keith R. Motes , Ben Q. Baragiola , Alexei Gilchrist , Nicolas C. Menicucci

Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) states have been demonstrated to pose significant advantages when utilized for fault-tolerant all optical continuous-variable quantum computing as well as for quantum communications links for entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Prajit Dhara , Liang Jiang , Saikat Guha

Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) qubit is a promising ingredient for fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) in optical continuous variables due to its advantage of noise tolerance and scalability. However, one of the main problems in the…

Since the birth of quantum optics, the measurement of quantum states of nonclassical light has been of tremendous importance for advancement in the field. To date, conventional detectors such as photomultipliers, avalanche photodiodes, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Alexey Gorlach , Aviv Karnieli , Raphael Dahan , Eliahu Cohen , Avi Pe'er , Ido Kaminer

The generation of a logical qubit called the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill qubit in an optical traveling wave is a major challenge for realizing large-scale universal fault-tolerant optical quantum computers. Recently, probabilistic generation…

Free electrons interacting coherently with optical fields provide a powerful platform for quantum simulation and quantum control. For kiloelectron-volt electron energies, even optical photon emission and absorption produce appreciable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Maxim Sirotin , Andrei Rasputnyi , Tomáš Chlouba , Roy Shiloh , Peter Hommelhoff

The Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) code encodes a logical qubit into a bosonic system with resilience against single-photon loss, the predominant error in most bosonic systems. Here we present experimental results demonstrating quantum…

One of the core questions of quantum physics is how to reconcile the unitary evolution of quantum states, which is information-preserving and time-reversible, with evolution following the second law of thermodynamics, which, in general, is…

Bosonic quantum error correction encodes a logical qubit in an oscillator, avoiding the hardware overhead of large qubit arrays. Among such encodings, Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) states are paticularly powerful because their phase-space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Zi-Xu Lu , Gang Liu , Matteo Fadel , Jie Li

Free electrons provide a powerful tool to probe material properties at atomic-scale spatial resolution. Recent advances in ultrafast electron microscopy enable the manipulation of free electron wavefunctions using laser pulses. It would be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 Ron Ruimy , Alexey Gorlach , Chen Mechel , Nicholas Rivera , Ido Kaminer

The short de Broglie wavelength and strong interaction empower free electrons to probe scattering and excitations in materials and resolve the structure of biomolecules. Recent advances in using nanophotonic structures to mediate bilinear…

We propose a robust scheme of studying the strong interactions between free electrons and photons using topological photonics. Our study reveals that the topological corner state can be used to enhance the interaction between light and a…

Optics · Physics 2024-02-20 Jing Li , Yiqi Fang , Yunquan Liu

The manipulation of quantum many-body systems is a frontier challenge in quantum science. Entangled quantum states that are symmetric to permutation between qubits are of growing interest. Yet, the creation and control of symmetric states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Nir Gutman , Alexey Gorlach , Offek Tziperman , Ron Ruimy , Ido Kaminer

We realize a hardware-native time--frequency Gottesman--Kitaev--Preskill (GKP) logical qubit encoded in the continuous phase space of single photons, establishing a propagating photonic implementation of bosonic grid encoding. Finite-energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Tai Hyun Yoon

The quantum coupling between free-electrons and photons enables applying quantum optics techniques in electron microscopy. Here, we formulate the elastic electron-photon quantum coupling and its possible implications. Our analysis shows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Dingguo Zheng , Ofer Kfir

The emerging field of free-electron quantum optics enables electron-photon entanglement and holds the potential for generating nontrivial photon states for quantum information processing. Although recent experimental studies have entered…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-04 Zetao Xie , Zeling Chen , Hao Li , Qinghui Yan , Hongsheng Chen , Xiao Lin , Ido Kaminer , Owen D. Miller , Yi Yang

Control of quantum systems typically relies on the interaction with electromagnetic radiation. In this study, we experimentally show that the electromagnetic near-field of a spatially modulated freespace electron beam can be used to drive…