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In medical applications, weakly supervised anomaly detection methods are of great interest, as only image-level annotations are required for training. Current anomaly detection methods mainly rely on generative adversarial networks or…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-06 Julia Wolleb , Florentin Bieder , Robin Sandkühler , Philippe C. Cattin

Unsupervised learning poses one of the most difficult challenges in computer vision today. The task has an immense practical value with many applications in artificial intelligence and emerging technologies, as large quantities of unlabeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Ioana Croitoru , Simion-Vlad Bogolin , Marius Leordeanu

Contrastive representation learning has emerged as an outstanding approach for anomaly detection. In this work, we explore the $\ell_2$-norm of contrastive features and its applications in out-of-distribution detection. We propose a simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Tai Le-Gia , Jaehyun Ahn

Anomaly detection is to identify samples that do not conform to the distribution of the normal data. Due to the unavailability of anomalous data, training a supervised deep neural network is a cumbersome task. As such, unsupervised methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Vahid Reza Khazaie , Anthony Wong , John Taylor Jewell , Yalda Mohsenzadeh

This review explores anomaly localization in medical images using denoising diffusion models. After providing a brief methodological background of these models, including their application to image reconstruction and their conditioning…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-15 Cosmin I. Bercea , Philippe C. Cattin , Julia A. Schnabel , Julia Wolleb

Obtaining labels for medical (image) data requires scarce and expensive experts. Moreover, due to ambiguous symptoms, single images rarely suffice to correctly diagnose a medical condition. Instead, it often requires to take additional…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-05 Diana Davletshina , Valentyn Melnychuk , Viet Tran , Hitansh Singla , Max Berrendorf , Evgeniy Faerman , Michael Fromm , Matthias Schubert

Anomaly detection consists in identifying, within a dataset, those samples that significantly differ from the majority of the data, representing the normal class. It has many practical applications, e.g. ranging from defective product…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Pankaj Mishra , Claudio Piciarelli , Gian Luca Foresti

Feature selection methods have an important role on the readability of data and the reduction of complexity of learning algorithms. In recent years, a variety of efforts are investigated on feature selection problems based on unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Mohsen Ghassemi Parsa , Hadi Zare , Mehdi Ghatee

Video anomaly detection is well investigated in weakly-supervised and one-class classification (OCC) settings. However, unsupervised video anomaly detection methods are quite sparse, likely because anomalies are less frequent in occurrence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Muhammad Zaigham Zaheer , Arif Mahmood , Muhammad Haris Khan , Mattia Segu , Fisher Yu , Seung-Ik Lee

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) plays a crucial role in identifying abnormal patterns within data without labeled examples, holding significant practical implications across various domains. Although the individual contributions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zeyu Fang , Ming Gu , Sheng Zhou , Jiawei Chen , Qiaoyu Tan , Haishuai Wang , Jiajun Bu

The detection and the quantification of anomalies in image data are critical tasks in industrial scenes such as detecting micro scratches on product. In recent years, due to the difficulty of defining anomalies and the limit of correcting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Masanari Kimura , Takashi Yanagihara

Deep Learning models are easily disturbed by variations in the input images that were not seen during training, resulting in unpredictable behaviours. Such Out-of-Distribution (OOD) images represent a significant challenge in the context of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Benjamin Lambert , Florence Forbes , Senan Doyle , Alan Tucholka , Michel Dojat

Unsupervised anomaly detection and localization, as of one the most practical and challenging problems in computer vision, has received great attention in recent years. From the time the MVTec AD dataset was proposed to the present, new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Ye Zheng , Xiang Wang , Yu Qi , Wei Li , Liwei Wu

Supervised deep learning techniques show promise in medical image analysis. However, they require comprehensive annotated data sets, which poses challenges, particularly for rare diseases. Consequently, unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-22 Finn Behrendt , Debayan Bhattacharya , Lennart Maack , Julia Krüger , Roland Opfer , Robin Mieling , Alexander Schlaefer

Recent studies give more attention to the anomaly detection (AD) methods that can leverage a handful of labeled anomalies along with abundant unlabeled data. These existing anomaly-informed AD methods rely on manually predefined score…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Minqi Jiang , Songqiao Han , Hailiang Huang

The increasing digitization of medical imaging enables machine learning based improvements in detecting, visualizing and segmenting lesions, easing the workload for medical experts. However, supervised machine learning requires reliable…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-03 Maximilian E. Tschuchnig , Michael Gadermayr

Anomaly detection (AD) in a surveillance scenario is an emerging and challenging field of research. For autonomous vehicles like drones or cars, it is immensely important to distinguish between normal and abnormal states in real-time.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Sayeed Shafayet Chowdhury , Kazi Mejbaul Islam , Rouhan Noor

Machine Learning classifiers used in Brain-Computer Interfaces make classifications based on the distribution of data they were trained on. When they need to make inferences on samples that fall outside of this distribution, they can only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Merlijn Quincent Mulder , Matias Valdenegro-Toro , Andreea Ioana Sburlea , Ivo Pascal de Jong

Anomaly detection on attributed graphs is a crucial topic for its practical application. Existing methods suffer from semantic mixture and imbalance issue because they mainly focus on anomaly discrimination, ignoring representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 YanMing Hu , Chuan Chen , BoWen Deng , YuJing Lai , Hao Lin , ZiBin Zheng , Jing Bian

Understanding the surrounding environment is fundamental in autonomous driving and robotic perception. Distinguishing between known classes and previously unseen objects is crucial in real-world environments, as done in Anomaly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Simone Mosco , Daniel Fusaro , Alberto Pretto
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