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Related papers: Human Uncertainty in Concept-Based AI Systems

200 papers

Learning human preferences is essential for human-robot interaction, as it enables robots to adapt their behaviors to align with human expectations and goals. However, the inherent uncertainties in both human behavior and robotic systems…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Shaoting Peng , Haonan Chen , Katherine Driggs-Campbell

Concept bottleneck models are interpretable predictive models that are often used in domains where model trust is a key priority, such as healthcare. They identify a small number of human-interpretable concepts in the data, which they then…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Katrina Brown , Marton Havasi , Finale Doshi-Velez

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most transformative technologies of the 21st century. The extent and scope of future AI capabilities remain a key uncertainty, with widespread disagreement on timelines and potential impacts. As…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Kyle A. Kilian , Christopher J. Ventura , Mark M. Bailey

Generative AI challenges traditional assessments by allowing students to produce correct answers without demonstrating understanding or reasoning. Rather than prohibiting AI, this work argues that one way to integrate AI into education is…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ahmad Samer Wazan

We present an online and data-driven uncertainty quantification method to enable the development of safe human-robot collaboration applications. Safety and risk assessment of systems are strongly correlated with the accuracy of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Woo-Jeong Baek , Christoph Ledermann , Torsten Kröger

We investigate how different active learning (AL) query policies coupled with classification uncertainty visualizations affect analyst trust in automated classification systems. A current standard policy for AL is to query the oracle (e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Michael L. Iuzzolino , Tetsumichi Umada , Nisar R. Ahmed , Danielle A. Szafir

Explainability, interpretability and how much they affect human trust in AI systems are ultimately problems of human cognition as much as machine learning, yet the effectiveness of AI recommendations and the trust afforded by end-users are…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Ali Shafti , Victoria Derks , Hannah Kay , A. Aldo Faisal

Aligning human-interpretable concepts with the internal representations learned by modern machine learning systems remains a central challenge for interpretable AI. We introduce a geometric framework for comparing supervised human concepts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Enrico Parisini , Christopher J. Soelistyo , Ahab Isaac , Alessandro Barp , Christopher R. S. Banerji

In this position paper, I argue that the best way to help and protect humans using AI technology is to make them aware of the intrinsic limitations and problems of AI algorithms. To accomplish this, I suggest three ethical guidelines to be…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Claudio S. Pinhanez

This paper argues the need for research to realize uncertainty-aware artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI\&ML) systems for decision support by describing a number of motivating scenarios. Furthermore, the paper defines…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-24 Lance Kaplan , Federico Cerutti , Murat Sensoy , Alun Preece , Paul Sullivan

Although AI has become increasingly smart, its wisdom has not kept pace. In this article, we examine what is known about human wisdom and sketch a vision of its AI counterpart. We analyze human wisdom as a set of strategies for solving…

Data sparsity is a key challenge limiting the power of AI tools across various domains. The problem is especially pronounced in domains that require active user input rather than measurements derived from automated sensors. It is a critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Sagar Paresh Shah , Ga Wu , Sean W. Kortschot , Samuel Daviau

There is a growing need to understand how digital systems can support clinical decision-making, particularly as artificial intelligence (AI) models become increasingly complex and less human-interpretable. This complexity raises concerns…

Understanding the fundamentals of human reasoning is central to the development of any system built to closely interact with humans. Cognitive science pursues the goal of modeling human-like intelligence from a theory-driven perspective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Nicolas Riesterer , Daniel Brand , Marco Ragni

Biased human decisions have consequential impacts across various domains, yielding unfair treatment of individuals and resulting in suboptimal outcomes for organizations and society. In recognition of this fact, organizations regularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Wanxue Dong , Maria De-Arteaga , Maytal Saar-Tsechansky

The ability to acknowledge the inevitable uncertainty in their knowledge and reasoning is a prerequisite for AI systems to be truly truthful and reliable. In this paper, we present a taxonomy of uncertainty specific to vision-language AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Khyathi Raghavi Chandu , Linjie Li , Anas Awadalla , Ximing Lu , Jae Sung Park , Jack Hessel , Lijuan Wang , Yejin Choi

Uncertainty in artificial intelligence (AI) predictions poses urgent legal and ethical challenges for AI-assisted decision-making. We examine two algorithmic interventions that act as guardrails for human-AI collaboration: selective…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Holli Sargeant , Mackenzie Jorgensen , Arina Shah , Adrian Weller , Umang Bhatt

In the age of generative AI and ubiquitous digital tools, human cognition faces a structural paradox: as external aids become more capable, internal memory systems risk atrophy. Drawing on neuroscience and cognitive psychology, this paper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Barbara Oakley , Michael Johnston , Ken-Zen Chen , Eulho Jung , Terrence J. Sejnowski

Human decision-making underlies all economic behavior. For the past four decades, human decision-making under uncertainty has continued to be explained by theoretical models based on prospect theory, a framework that was awarded the Nobel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-21 David D. Bourgin , Joshua C. Peterson , Daniel Reichman , Thomas L. Griffiths , Stuart J. Russell

This paper addresses the unique challenges associated with uncertainty quantification in AI models when applied to patient-facing contexts within healthcare. Unlike traditional eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods tailored for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Adarsa Sivaprasad , Ehud Reiter