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The development of large language models (LLMs) has brought unprecedented possibilities for artificial intelligence (AI) based medical diagnosis. However, the application perspective of LLMs in real diagnostic scenarios is still unclear…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Zhoujian Sun , Cheng Luo , Ziyi Liu , Zhengxing Huang

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) heralds a pivotal shift in online user interactions with information. Traditional Information Retrieval (IR) systems primarily relied on query-document matching, whereas LLMs excel in comprehending…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Samira Ghodratnama , Mehrdad Zakershahrak

Inspired by the exceptional general intelligence of Large Language Models (LLMs), researchers have begun to explore their application in pioneering the next generation of recommender systems - systems that are conversational, explainable,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Wensheng Lu , Jianxun Lian , Wei Zhang , Guanghua Li , Mingyang Zhou , Hao Liao , Xing Xie

Text-to-Table aims to generate structured tables to convey the key information from unstructured documents. Existing text-to-table datasets are typically oriented English, limiting the research in non-English languages. Meanwhile, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Haoxiang Shi , Jiaan Wang , Jiarong Xu , Cen Wang , Tetsuya Sakai

Large Language models (LLMs) have achieved encouraging results in tabular data generation. However, existing approaches require fine-tuning, which is computationally expensive. This paper explores an alternative: prompting a fixed LLM with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Liancheng Fang , Aiwei Liu , Hengrui Zhang , Henry Peng Zou , Weizhi Zhang , Philip S. Yu

Test-time scaling has emerged as a promising paradigm in language modeling, leveraging additional computational resources at inference time to enhance model performance. In this work, we introduce R2-LLMs, a novel and versatile hierarchical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Alex ZH Dou , Zhongwei Wan , Dongfei Cui , Xin Wang , Jing Xiong , Haokun Lin , Chaofan Tao , Shen Yan , Mi Zhang

The rapid advancement of conversational search systems revolutionizes how information is accessed by enabling the multi-turn interaction between the user and the system. Existing conversational search systems are usually built with two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Fengran Mo , Yifan Gao , Chuan Meng , Xin Liu , Zhuofeng Wu , Kelong Mao , Zhengyang Wang , Pei Chen , Zheng Li , Xian Li , Bing Yin , Meng Jiang

Humans continuously make new discoveries, and understanding temporal sequence of events leading to these breakthroughs is essential for advancing science and society. This ability to reason over time allows us to identify future steps and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Abhilash Shankarampeta , Harsh Mahajan , Tushar Kataria , Dan Roth , Vivek Gupta

Tables, typically two-dimensional and structured to store large amounts of data, are essential in daily activities like database queries, spreadsheet manipulations, web table question answering, and image table information extraction.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Weizheng Lu , Jing Zhang , Ju Fan , Zihao Fu , Yueguo Chen , Xiaoyong Du

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive zero-shot performance on inference tasks. However, LLMs may suffer from spurious correlations between input texts and output labels, which limits LLMs' ability to reason based purely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Yingjie Li , Yun Luo , Xiaotian Xie , Yue Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable adaptability, showcasing their capacity to excel in tasks for which they were not explicitly trained. However, despite their impressive natural language processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Supun Manathunga , Isuru Hettigoda

Machine Learning (ML) in low-data settings remains an underappreciated yet crucial problem. Hence, data augmentation methods to increase the sample size of datasets needed for ML are key to unlocking the transformative potential of ML in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Nabeel Seedat , Nicolas Huynh , Boris van Breugel , Mihaela van der Schaar

Large language models (LLMs) with in-context learning have significantly improved the performance of text-to-SQL task. Previous works generally focus on using exclusive SQL generation prompt to improve the LLMs' reasoning ability. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Zhenhe Wu , Zhongqiu Li , Jie Zhang , Mengxiang Li , Yu Zhao , Ruiyu Fang , Zhongjiang He , Xuelong Li , Zhoujun Li , Shuangyong Song

Large models have demonstrated significant progress across various domains, particularly in tasks related to text generation. In the domain of Table to Text, many Large Language Model (LLM)-based methods currently resort to modifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Junyi Bian , Xiaolei Qin , Wuhe Zou , Mengzuo Huang , Congyi Luo , Ke Zhang , Weidong Zhang

The potential of large language models (LLMs) as decision support tools is increasingly being explored in fields such as business, engineering, and medicine, which often face challenging tasks of decision-making under uncertainty. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Ollie Liu , Deqing Fu , Dani Yogatama , Willie Neiswanger

The increasing size and complexity of pre-trained language models have demonstrated superior performance in many applications, but they usually require large training datasets to be adequately trained. Insufficient training sets could…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Yaping Chai , Haoran Xie , Joe S. Qin

The growing number of generative AI-based dialogue systems has made their evaluation a crucial challenge. This paper presents our contribution to this important problem through the Dialogue System Technology Challenge (DSTC-12, Track 1),…

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have rapidly proliferated and have been utilized in various tasks, including research in dialogue systems. We aimed to construct a system that not only leverages the flexible conversational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Katsumasa Yoshikawa , Takato Yamazaki , Masaya Ohagi , Tomoya Mizumoto , Keiya Sato

Large language models (LLMs) are used in chatbots or AI assistants to hold conversations with a human user. In such applications, the quality (e.g., user engagement, safety) of a conversation is important and can only be exactly known at…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Zhiliang Chen , Xinyuan Niu , Chuan-Sheng Foo , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

The recent advancements of Large Language Models (LLMs) have spurred considerable research interest in extending their linguistic capabilities beyond text to other modalities, which leads to emergence of speech-based LLMs (SpeechLMs) with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yansong Liu , Jiateng Li , Yuan Liu