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Detailed network models of social, biological and other complex systems are often dense, which increases their computational complexity in simulations and analysis. To address this challenge, graph sparsification is used to remove edges…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-03-19 Bernardo Pereira , Felipe Xavier Costa , Luís M. Rocha

Graph Spectral Sparsification (GSS) identifies an ultra-sparse subgraph, or sparsifier, whose Laplacian matrix closely approximates the spectral properties of the original graph, enabling substantial reductions in computational complexity…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Tiancheng Zhao , Zekun Yin , Huihai An , Xiaoyu Yang , Zhou Jin , Jiasi Shen , Helen Xu

Graph Neural Network (GNN) achieves great success for node-level and graph-level tasks via encoding meaningful topological structures of networks in various domains, ranging from social to biological networks. However, repeated aggregation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Tanvir Hossain , Khaled Mohammed Saifuddin , Muhammad Ifte Khairul Islam , Farhan Tanvir , Esra Akbas

As real-world graphs expand in size, larger GNN models with billions of parameters are deployed. High parameter count in such models makes training and inference on graphs expensive and challenging. To reduce the computational and memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Hongwu Peng , Deniz Gurevin , Shaoyi Huang , Tong Geng , Weiwen Jiang , Omer Khan , Caiwen Ding

This work introduces a highly scalable spectral graph densification framework for learning resistor networks with linear measurements, such as node voltages and currents. We prove that given $O(\log N)$ pairs of voltage and current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Zhuo Feng

Implicit Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved significant success in addressing graph learning problems recently. However, poorly designed implicit GNN layers may have limited adaptability to learn graph metrics, experience…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Guoji Fu , Mohammed Haroon Dupty , Yanfei Dong , Lee Wee Sun

We present the first single pass algorithm for computing spectral sparsifiers of graphs in the dynamic semi-streaming model. Given a single pass over a stream containing insertions and deletions of edges to a graph G, our algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-04-17 Michael Kapralov , Yin Tat Lee , Cameron Musco , Christopher Musco , Aaron Sidford

Recently, a number of variants of the notion of cut-preserving hypergraph sparsification have been studied in the literature. These variants include directed hypergraph sparsification, submodular hypergraph sparsification, general notions…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Sanjeev Khanna , Aaron L. Putterman , Madhu Sudan

Graph Convolutional Neural Networks (GCNNs) are generalizations of CNNs to graph-structured data, in which convolution is guided by the graph topology. In many cases where graphs are unavailable, existing methods manually construct graphs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Xiang Gao , Wei Hu , Zongming Guo

In this paper, we introduce a variant of spectral sparsification, called probabilistic $(\varepsilon,\delta)$-spectral sparsification. Roughly speaking, it preserves the cut value of any cut $(S,S^{c})$ with an $1\pm\varepsilon$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-01-03 Yin Tat Lee

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated superior performance across various graph learning tasks but face significant computational challenges when applied to large-scale graphs. One effective approach to mitigate these challenges is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Guibin Zhang , Xiangguo Sun , Yanwei Yue , Chonghe Jiang , Kun Wang , Tianlong Chen , Shirui Pan

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a computationally efficient method to learn embeddings and classifications on graph data. However, GNN training has low computational intensity, making communication costs the bottleneck for scalability.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Ujjaini Mukhodopadhyay , Alok Tripathy , Oguz Selvitopi , Katherine Yelick , Aydin Buluc

Network sparsification is the task of reducing the number of edges of a given graph while preserving some crucial graph property. In community-aware network sparsification, the preserved property concerns the subgraphs that are induced by…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Emanuel Herrendorf , Christian Komusiewicz , Nils Morawietz , Frank Sommer

We study differentially private algorithms for graph cut sparsification, a fundamental problem in algorithms, privacy, and machine learning. While significant progress has been made, the best-known private and efficient cut sparsifiers on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Anders Aamand , Justin Y. Chen , Mina Dalirrooyfard , Slobodan Mitrović , Yuriy Nevmyvaka , Sandeep Silwal , Yinzhan Xu

Graph Sparsification aims at compressing large graphs into smaller ones while preserving important characteristics of the input graph. In this work we study Vertex Sparsifiers, i.e., sparsifiers whose goal is to reduce the number of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Gramoz Goranci , Monika Henzinger , Pan Peng

Graph sparsification serves as a foundation for many algorithms, such as approximation algorithms for graph cuts and Laplacian system solvers. As its natural generalization, hypergraph sparsification has recently gained increasing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Chenghua Liu , Minbo Gao , Zhengfeng Ji , Mingsheng Ying

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have proved to be an effective representation learning framework for graph-structured data, and have achieved state-of-the-art performance on many practical predictive tasks, such as node classification, link…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Yang Ye , Shihao Ji

Graph coarsening is a widely used dimensionality reduction technique for approaching large-scale graph machine learning problems. Given a large graph, graph coarsening aims to learn a smaller-tractable graph while preserving the properties…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-04 Manoj Kumar , Anurag Sharma , Sandeep Kumar

The large communication cost for exchanging gradients between different nodes significantly limits the scalability of distributed training for large-scale learning models. Motivated by this observation, there has been significant recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Leighton Pate Barnes , Huseyin A. Inan , Berivan Isik , Ayfer Ozgur

We describe a computationally efficient, stochastic graph-regularization technique that can be utilized for the semi-supervised training of deep neural networks in a parallel or distributed setting. We utilize a technique, first described…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-31 Sunil Thulasidasan , Jeffrey Bilmes , Garrett Kenyon