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Recently, information retrieval has seen the emergence of dense retrievers, using neural networks, as an alternative to classical sparse methods based on term-frequency. These models have obtained state-of-the-art results on datasets and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Gautier Izacard , Mathilde Caron , Lucas Hosseini , Sebastian Riedel , Piotr Bojanowski , Armand Joulin , Edouard Grave

Contrastive representation learning has gained much attention due to its superior performance in learning representations from both image and sequential data. However, the learned representations could potentially lead to performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Jianfeng Chi , William Shand , Yaodong Yu , Kai-Wei Chang , Han Zhao , Yuan Tian

Unsupervised representation learning approaches aim to learn discriminative feature representations from unlabeled data, without the requirement of annotating every sample. Enabling unsupervised representation learning is extremely crucial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Qianwen Meng , Hangwei Qian , Yong Liu , Yonghui Xu , Zhiqi Shen , Lizhen Cui

Deep learning models are modern tools for spatio-temporal graph (STG) forecasting. Though successful, we argue that data scarcity is a key factor limiting their recent improvements. Meanwhile, contrastive learning has been an effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Xu Liu , Yuxuan Liang , Chao Huang , Yu Zheng , Bryan Hooi , Roger Zimmermann

Self-supervised learning has become a popular approach in recent years for its ability to learn meaningful representations without the need for data annotation. This paper proposes a novel image augmentation technique, overlaying images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Yinheng Li , Han Ding , Shaofei Wang

Unsupervised sentence embeddings learning has been recently dominated by contrastive learning methods (e.g., SimCSE), which keep positive pairs similar and push negative pairs apart. The contrast operation aims to keep as much information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Shaobin Chen , Jie Zhou , Yuling Sun , Liang He

Existing contrastive learning methods for anomalous sound detection refine the audio representation of each audio sample by using the contrast between the samples' augmentations (e.g., with time or frequency masking). However, they might be…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Jian Guan , Feiyang Xiao , Youde Liu , Qiaoxi Zhu , Wenwu Wang

In recent years, there has been significant progress in developing pre-trained language models for NLP. However, these models often struggle when fine-tuned on small datasets. To address this issue, researchers have proposed various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Amirhossein Abaskohi , Sascha Rothe , Yadollah Yaghoobzadeh

Large-scale datasets are important for the development of deep learning models. Such datasets usually require a heavy workload of annotations, which are extremely time-consuming and expensive. To accelerate the annotation procedure,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xiaoqian Ruan , Gaoang Wang

Reliable tools to extract patterns from high-dimensionality spaces are becoming more necessary as astronomical datasets increase both in volume and complexity. Contrastive Learning is a self-supervised machine learning algorithm that…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-12 Marc Huertas-Company , Regina Sarmiento , Johan Knapen

Contrastive learning, which aims at minimizing the distance between positive pairs while maximizing that of negative ones, has been widely and successfully applied in unsupervised feature learning, where the design of positive and negative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-09 Rui Zhu , Bingchen Zhao , Jingen Liu , Zhenglong Sun , Chang Wen Chen

Contrastive pre-training on distant supervision has shown remarkable effectiveness in improving supervised relation extraction tasks. However, the existing methods ignore the intrinsic noise of distant supervision during the pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Zhen Wan , Fei Cheng , Qianying Liu , Zhuoyuan Mao , Haiyue Song , Sadao Kurohashi

Contrastive self-supervised learning has outperformed supervised pretraining on many downstream tasks like segmentation and object detection. However, current methods are still primarily applied to curated datasets like ImageNet. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Wouter Van Gansbeke , Simon Vandenhende , Stamatios Georgoulis , Luc Van Gool

Meta-learning enables learning systems to adapt quickly to new tasks, similar to humans. Different meta-learning approaches all work under/with the mini-batch episodic training framework. Such framework naturally gives the information about…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Shiguang Wu , Yaqing Wang , Yatao Bian , Quanming Yao

The InfoNCE objective, originally introduced for contrastive representation learning, has become a popular choice for mutual information (MI) estimation, despite its indirect connection to MI. In this paper, we demonstrate why InfoNCE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 J. Jon Ryu , Pavan Yeddanapudi , Xiangxiang Xu , Gregory W. Wornell

The success of most advanced facial expression recognition works relies heavily on large-scale annotated datasets. However, it poses great challenges in acquiring clean and consistent annotations for facial expression datasets. On the other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yuxuan Shu , Xiao Gu , Guang-Zhong Yang , Benny Lo

Underlying data structures, such as symmetries or invariances to transformations, are often exploited to improve the solution of learning tasks. However, embedding these properties in models or learning algorithms can be challenging and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Ignacio Hounie , Luiz F. O. Chamon , Alejandro Ribeiro

Learning universal time series representations applicable to various types of downstream tasks is challenging but valuable in real applications. Recently, researchers have attempted to leverage the success of self-supervised contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Jiexi Liu , Songcan Chen

Learning rich visual representations using contrastive self-supervised learning has been extremely successful. However, it is still a major question whether we could use a similar approach to learn superior auditory representations. In this…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Haider Al-Tahan , Yalda Mohsenzadeh

We address the problem of incremental sequence classification, where predictions are updated as new elements in the sequence are revealed. Drawing on temporal-difference learning from reinforcement learning, we identify a…