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Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) compresses large language models to low bit-widths using a small calibration set, and its quality depends strongly on which samples are chosen. We identify a failure mode in which calibration samples fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ibne Farabi Shihab , Sanjeda Akter , Anuj Sharma

Diffusion models have recently dominated image synthesis tasks. However, the iterative denoising process is expensive in computations at inference time, making diffusion models less practical for low-latency and scalable real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Yefei He , Luping Liu , Jing Liu , Weijia Wu , Hong Zhou , Bohan Zhuang

Quantization Aware Training (QAT) is a neural network quantization technique that compresses model size and improves operational efficiency while effectively maintaining model performance. The paradigm of QAT is to introduce fake…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Wenqiang Zhou , Zhendong Yu , Xinyu Liu , Jiaming Yang , Rong Xiao , Tao Wang , Chenwei Tang , Jiancheng Lv

Large-scale visual generative models have achieved remarkable performance. However, their high computational and memory costs make deployment challenging in resource-constrained scenarios, such as interactive applications and personal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yongsen Cheng , Kai Liu , Kaiwen Tao , Junxian Li , Zhixin Wang , Zhikai Chen , Renjing Pei , Yulun Zhang

At present, the quantification methods of neural network models are mainly divided into post-training quantization (PTQ) and quantization aware training (QAT). Post-training quantization only need a small part of the data to complete the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Huabin Diao , Gongyan Li , Shaoyun Xu , Yuexing Hao

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has become a crucial tool for reducing the memory and compute costs of modern deep neural networks, including large language models (LLMs). Among PTQ algorithms, the OPTQ framework-also known as GPTQ-has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Haoyu Zhang , Shihao Zhang , Ian Colbert , Rayan Saab

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a promising solution for deploying large language models (LLMs) on resource-constrained devices. Early methods developed for small-scale networks, such as ResNet, rely on gradient-based optimization,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Junhan Kim , Ho-young Kim , Eulrang Cho , Chungman Lee , Joonyoung Kim , Yongkweon Jeon

Foundation models have achieved remarkable results in medical image analysis. However, its large network architecture and high computational complexity significantly impact inference speed, limiting its application on terminal medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yineng Chen , Peng Huang , Aozhong Zhang , Hui Guo , Penghang Yin , Shu Hu , Shao Lin , Xin Li , Tzu-Jen Kao , Balakrishnan Prabhakaran , MingChing Chang , Xin Wang

Efficiently serving neural network models with low latency is becoming more challenging due to increasing model complexity and parameter count. Model quantization offers a solution which simultaneously reduces memory footprint and compute…

Large Language Models (LLMs) deliver strong performance across a wide range of NLP tasks, but their massive sizes hinder deployment on resource-constrained devices. To reduce their computational and memory burden, various compression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Dung Anh Hoang , Cuong Pham , Cuong Nguyen , Trung le , Jianfei Cai , Thanh-Toan Do

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is the go-to compression technique for large generative models, such as stable diffusion or large language models. PTQ methods commonly keep the softmax activation in higher precision as it has been shown to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Nilesh Prasad Pandey , Marios Fournarakis , Chirag Patel , Markus Nagel

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a promising technique for mitigating memory consumption and computational costs in large language models (LLMs). However, a systematic examination of various quantization schemes, model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Zhewei Yao , Xiaoxia Wu , Cheng Li , Stephen Youn , Yuxiong He

Efficient inference for object detection networks is a major challenge on edge devices. Post-Training Quantization (PTQ), which transforms a full-precision model into low bit-width directly, is an effective and convenient approach to reduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Lin Niu , Jiawei Liu , Zhihang Yuan , Dawei Yang , Xinggang Wang , Wenyu Liu

Quantization is a widely used compression technique for reducing the memory and computation costs of large pre-trained models. A key challenge in per-channel post-training quantization (PTQ) is selecting appropriate scaling factors to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Shihao Zhang , Rayan Saab

Quantization has become a crucial step for the efficient deployment of deep neural networks, where floating point operations are converted to simpler fixed point operations. In its most naive form, it simply consists in a combination of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Edouard Yvinec , Arnaud Dapogny , Kevin Bailly

Quantizing a floating-point neural network to its fixed-point representation is crucial for Learned Image Compression (LIC) because it improves decoding consistency for interoperability and reduces space-time complexity for implementation.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-10 Junqi Shi , Ming Lu , Zhan Ma

Reasoning models excel at complex tasks such as coding and mathematics, yet their inference is often slow and token-inefficient. To improve the inference efficiency, post-training quantization (PTQ) usually comes with the cost of large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Keyu Lv , Manyi Zhang , Xiaobo Xia , Jingchen Ni , Shannan Yan , Xianzhi Yu , Lu Hou , Chun Yuan , Haoli Bai

We introduce a Power-of-Two low-bit post-training quantization(PTQ) method for deep neural network that meets hardware requirements and does not call for long-time retraining. Power-of-Two quantization can convert the multiplication…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Hongyi Yao , Pu Li , Jian Cao , Xiangcheng Liu , Chenying Xie , Bingzhang Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various domains, but they are constrained by massive computational and storage costs. Quantization, an effective technique for compressing models to fit resource-limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Han Liu , Haotian Gao , Xiaotong Zhang , Changya Li , Feng Zhang , Wei Wang , Fenglong Ma , Hong Yu

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) reduces the memory footprint and computational overhead of deep neural networks by converting full-precision (FP) values into quantized and compressed data types. While PTQ is more cost-efficient than…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Ali Zoljodi , Radu Timofte , Masoud Daneshtalab