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As on-device large language model (LLM) systems become increasingly prevalent, federated fine-tuning enables advanced language understanding and generation directly on edge devices; however, it also involves processing sensitive,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Honghui Xu , Shiva Shrestha , Wei Chen , Zhiyuan Li , Zhipeng Cai

Differentially private federated learning (DP-FL) is a promising technique for collaborative model training while ensuring provable privacy for clients. However, optimizing the tradeoff between privacy and accuracy remains a critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Shuya Feng , Meisam Mohammady , Hanbin Hong , Shenao Yan , Ashish Kundu , Binghui Wang , Yuan Hong

Federated learning aims to protect data privacy by collaboratively learning a model without sharing private data among users. However, an adversary may still be able to infer the private training data by attacking the released model.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Zhicong Liang , Bao Wang , Quanquan Gu , Stanley Osher , Yuan Yao

Deep neural networks have strong capabilities of memorizing the underlying training data, which can be a serious privacy concern. An effective solution to this problem is to train models with differential privacy, which provides rigorous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Ergute Bao , Yizheng Zhu , Xiaokui Xiao , Yin Yang , Beng Chin Ooi , Benjamin Hong Meng Tan , Khin Mi Mi Aung

Vertical Federated Learning (FL) is a new paradigm that enables users with non-overlapping attributes of the same data samples to jointly train a model without directly sharing the raw data. Nevertheless, recent works show that it's still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Xiaochen Li , Yuke Hu , Weiran Liu , Hanwen Feng , Li Peng , Yuan Hong , Kui Ren , Zhan Qin

The widespread adoption of smart meters provides access to detailed and localized load consumption data, suitable for training building-level load forecasting models. To mitigate privacy concerns stemming from model-induced data leakage,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Shourya Bose , Yu Zhang , Kibaek Kim

Federated Learning (FL) has become a key method for preserving data privacy in Internet of Things (IoT) environments, as it trains Machine Learning (ML) models locally while transmitting only model updates. Despite this design, FL remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Fardin Jalil Piran , Zhiling Chen , Mohsen Imani , Farhad Imani

Federated Learning (FL) allows for the training of Machine Learning models in a collaborative manner without the need to share sensitive data. However, it remains vulnerable to Gradient Leakage Attacks (GLAs), which can reveal private…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Miguel Fernandez-de-Retana , Unai Zulaika , Rubén Sánchez-Corcuera , Aitor Almeida

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning (ML) framework where multiple clients collaborate to train a model without exposing their private data. FL involves cycles of local computations and bi-directional communications…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Xiangjian Hou , Sarit Khirirat , Mohammad Yaqub , Samuel Horvath

Federated learning (FL) takes a first step towards privacy-preserving machine learning by training models while keeping client data local. Models trained using FL may still leak private client information through model updates during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Nasser Aldaghri , Hessam Mahdavifar , Ahmad Beirami

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training with privacy preservation. Data heterogeneity across edge devices (clients) can cause models to converge to sharp minima, negatively impacting generalization and robustness.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Debora Caldarola , Pietro Cagnasso , Barbara Caputo , Marco Ciccone

Federated learning enables collaborative model training across distributed clients while preserving data privacy. However, in practical deployments, device heterogeneity, non-independent, and identically distributed (Non-IID) data often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Jin Wang , Hui Ma , Fei Xing , Ming Yan

Personalized Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging research field in FL that learns an easily adaptable global model in the presence of data heterogeneity among clients. However, one of the main challenges for personalized FL is the heavy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Jaehun Song , Min-hwan Oh , Hyung-Sin Kim

In Federated Learning (FL), multiple clients jointly train a machine learning model by sharing gradient information, instead of raw data, with a server over multiple rounds. To address the possibility of information leakage in spite of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yashwant Krishna Pagoti , Arunesh Sinha , Shamik Sural

Collaborative machine learning techniques such as federated learning (FL) enable the training of models on effectively larger datasets without data transfer. Recent initiatives have demonstrated that segmentation models trained with FL can…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-07 Alexander Ziller , Dmitrii Usynin , Nicolas Remerscheid , Moritz Knolle , Marcus Makowski , Rickmer Braren , Daniel Rueckert , Georgios Kaissis

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging machine learning paradigm designed to address the challenge of data silos, attracting considerable attention. However, FL encounters persistent issues related to fairness and data privacy. To tackle…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Xinpeng Ling , Jie Fu , Kuncan Wang , Huifa Li , Tong Cheng , Zhili Chen

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively learn a shared model without sharing their individual data. Concerns about utility, privacy, and training efficiency in FL have garnered significant research attention.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Hanlin Gu , Xinyuan Zhao , Gongxi Zhu , Yuxing Han , Yan Kang , Lixin Fan , Qiang Yang

Differential privacy (DP) techniques can be applied to the federated learning model to statistically guarantee data privacy against inference attacks to communication among the learning agents. While ensuring strong data privacy, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Minseok Ryu , Kibaek Kim

Federated Learning (FL) often adopts differential privacy (DP) to protect client data, but the added noise required for privacy guarantees can substantially degrade model accuracy. To resolve this challenge, we propose model-splitting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yiwei Li , Shuai Wang , Zhuojun Tian , Xiuhua Wang , Shijian Su

The powerful cooperation of federated learning (FL) and differential privacy~(DP) provides a promising paradigm for the large-scale private clients. However, existing analyses in FL-DP mostly rely on the composition theorem and cannot…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yan Sun , Qixin Zhang , Li Shen , Dacheng Tao