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Computation on ciphertexts of all known fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) schemes induces some noise, which, if too large, will destroy the plaintext. Therefore, the bootstrapping technique that re-encrypts a ciphertext and reduces the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Kamil Kluczniak , Leonard Schild

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) enables an entity to perform arbitrary computation on encrypted data without decrypting the ciphertexts. An ongoing group-theoretical approach to construct an FHE scheme uses a certain "compression"…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-04 Koji Nuida

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) imposes substantial memory bandwidth demands, presenting significant challenges for efficient hardware acceleration. Near-memory Processing (NMP) has emerged as a promising architectural solution to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Shangyi Shi , Husheng Han , Jianan Mu , Xinyao Zheng , Ling Liang , Hang Lu , Zidong Du , Xiaowei Li , Xing Hu , Qi Guo

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative training while keeping sensitive data on clients' devices, but local model updates can still leak private information. Hybrid Homomorphic Encryption (HHE) has recently been applied to FL to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Ivan Costa , Pedro Correia , Ivone Amorim , Eva Maia , Isabel Praça

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is in the spotlight as a definitive solution for privacy, but the high computational overhead of FHE poses a challenge to its practical adoption. Although prior studies have attempted to design ASIC…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Sangpyo Kim , Jongmin Kim , Jaeyoung Choi , Jung Ho Ahn

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is a promising privacy-preserving technology enabling secure computation over encrypted data. A major limitation of current FHE schemes is their high runtime overhead. As a result, automatic optimization…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Julien de Castelnau , Mingfei Yu , Giovanni De Micheli

As security demands increase, the importance of secure computation technologies grows, yet these technologies can often seem overwhelming to practitioners. Furthermore, many approaches focus only on a single technology, potentially…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Marcus Taubert , Adam Skuta , Thomas Loruenser

Homomorphic encryption is a sophisticated encryption technique that allows computations on encrypted data to be done without the requirement for decryption. This trait makes homomorphic encryption appropriate for safe computation in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Nimish Jain , Aswani Kumar Cherukuri

Fully Homomorphic Encryption is a technique that allows computation on encrypted data. It has the potential to change privacy considerations in the cloud, but computational and memory overheads are preventing its adoption. TFHE is a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Michiel Van Beirendonck , Jan-Pieter D'Anvers , Furkan Turan , Ingrid Verbauwhede

Homomorphic encryption (HE) offers data confidentiality by executing queries directly on encrypted fields in the database-as-a-service (DaaS) paradigm. While fully HE exhibits great expressiveness but prohibitive performance overhead, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Dongfang Zhao

The rapid growth of cloud computing and data-driven applications has amplified privacy concerns, driven by the increasing demand to process sensitive data securely. Homomorphic encryption (HE) has become a vital solution for addressing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Faneela , Jawad Ahmad , Baraq Ghaleb , Sana Ullah Jan , William J. Buchanan

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows for the execution of computations on encrypted data without the need to decrypt it first, offering significant potential for privacy-preserving computational operations. Emerging arithmetic-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Ardhi Wiratama Baskara Yudha , Jiaqi Xue , Qian Lou , Huiyang Zhou , Yan Solihin

In today's data-driven world, recommendation systems personalize user experiences across industries but rely on sensitive data, raising privacy concerns. Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) can secure these systems, but a significant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Moontaha Nishat Chowdhury , André Bauer , Minxuan Zhou

The need for privacy-preserving analytics is higher than ever due to the severity of privacy risks and to comply with new privacy regulations leading to an amplified interest in privacy-preserving techniques that try to balance between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Ahmad Al Badawi , Luong Hoang , Chan Fook Mun , Kim Laine , Khin Mi Mi Aung

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is an encryption method that allows to perform computation on encrypted data, without decryption. FHE preserves the privacy of the users of online services that handle sensitive data, such as health data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Andrei Stoian , Jordan Frery , Roman Bredehoft , Luis Montero , Celia Kherfallah , Benoit Chevallier-Mames

As the application of deep learning continues to grow, so does the amount of data used to make predictions. While traditionally, big-data deep learning was constrained by computing performance and off-chip memory bandwidth, a new constraint…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Brandon Reagen , Wooseok Choi , Yeongil Ko , Vincent Lee , Gu-Yeon Wei , Hsien-Hsin S. Lee , David Brooks

We present automatically parameterised Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) for encrypted neural network inference and exemplify our inference over FHE compatible neural networks with our own open-source framework and reproducible examples.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 George Onoufriou , Marc Hanheide , Georgios Leontidis

Computational privacy is a property of cryptographic system that ensures the privacy of data being processed at an untrusted server. Fully Homomorphic Encryption Schemes (FHE) promise to provide such property. Contemporary FHE schemes are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-06-10 Sashank Dara

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) facilitates secure computations on encrypted data but imposes significant demands on memory bandwidth and computational power. While current FHE accelerators focus on optimizing computation, they often…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Dewan Saiham , Di Wu , Sazadur Rahman

This paper explores the use of partially homomorphic encryption (PHE) for encrypted vector similarity search, with a focus on facial recognition and broader applications like reverse image search, recommendation engines, and large language…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Sefik Serengil , Alper Ozpinar
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