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This paper analyzes the macroeconomic consequences of military spending and militarization within a dynamic growth framework. Building on a Keynesian goods-market model, we examine how the allocation of government expenditure between…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-03-26 Arpan Chakraborty

We consider a government that aims at reducing the debt-to-gross domestic product (GDP) ratio of a country. The government observes the level of the debt-to-GDP ratio and an indicator of the state of the economy, but does not directly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-01-29 Giorgia Callegaro , Claudia Ceci , Giorgio Ferrari

This article expands Milton Friedman's spending matrix to analyse 'spending efficiency' and 'preference compatibility' across different economic systems against five key outcome criteria. By generalising Friedman's typology, it compares…

General Economics · Economics 2025-12-24 Ali Zeytoon-Nejad

This paper explores the interplay between transfer policies, R\&D, corruption, and economic development using a general equilibrium model with heterogeneous agents and a government. The government collects taxes, redistributes fiscal…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-04 Cuong Le Van , Ngoc-Sang Pham , Thi Kim Cuong Pham , Binh Tran-Nam

It is demonstrated that the US economy has on the long-term in reality been governed by the Keynesian approach to economics independent of the current official economical policy. This is done by calculating the two-point correlation…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2011-07-18 A. Johansen , I. Simonsen

This paper studies the equilibrium of an extended case of the classical Samuelson's multiplier-accelerator model for national economy. This case has incorporated some kind of memory into the system. We assume that total consumption and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-06-27 Fernando Ortega , Maria Philomena Barros , Grigoris Kalogeropoulos

The existing theorization of development economics and transition economics is probably inadequate and perhaps even flawed to accurately explain and analyze a dual economic system such as that in China. China is a country in the transition…

General Economics · Economics 2021-10-06 Tianyong Zhou

This study explores the dynamic relationship between corruption and economic growth through an approach based on a system of stochastic equations. In the context of globalization and economic interdependencies, corruption not only affects…

Do governments adjust budgetary policy to rising public debt, precluding fiscal unsustainability? Using budget data for 52 industrial and emerging economies since 1990, we apply panel methods accounting for cross-sectional dependence and…

General Economics · Economics 2025-07-18 Paolo Canofari , Alessandro Piergallini , Marco Tedeschi

This paper investigates the distribution of public school expenditures across U.S. school districts using a bayesian maximum entropy model. Covering the period 2000-2016, I explore how inter-jurisdictional competition and household choice…

Applications · Statistics 2024-04-30 Juan Melo

We study a monetary version of the Keen model by merging two alternative extensions, namely the addition of a dynamic price level and the introduction of speculation. We recall and study old and new equilibria, together with their local…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2014-12-24 Matheus Grasselli , Adrien Nguyen Huu

The Keen model is a mathematical model that describes the dynamic evolution of wages, employment, and debt based on the known Minsky's Financial Instability Hypothesis. It consists of three first order nonlinear ordinary differential…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-12-18 Son Van , Teng Zhang

We present a quantitative characterisation of the fluctuations of the annualized growth rate of the real US GDP per capita growth at many scales, using a wavelet transform analysis of two data sets, quarterly data from 1947 to 2015 and…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-07-15 Sandro Lera , Didier Sornette

Economic transformation -- change in what an economy produces -- is foundational to development and rising standards of living. Our understanding of this process has been propelled recently by two branches of work in the field of economic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-03-28 James McNerney , Yang Li , Andres Gomez-Lievano , Frank Neffke

We follow up on the study of correlations between GDP's of rich countries. We analyze web-downloaded data on GDP that we use as individual wealth signatures of the country economical state. We calculate the yearly fluctuations of the GDP.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-09-25 M. Ausloos , R. Lambiotte

The optimal (`equilibrium') macroscopic properties of an economy with $N$ industries endowed with different technologies, $P$ commodities and one consumer are derived in the limit $N\to\infty$ with $n=N/P$ fixed using the replica method.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2008-12-02 A. De Martino , M. Marsili , I. Perez Castillo

This paper studies the economic role of persistent dispersion in allocations across agents. We develop a tractable model in which firms allocate resources under imperfect information and behavioral updating, generating sustained…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-02 Nazaria Solferino

Understanding consumption dynamics and its impact on the whole economy and welfare within the present economic crisis is not an easy task. Indeed the level of consumer demand for different goods varies with the prices, consumer incomes and…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-05-11 Roberto De Luca , Marco Di Mauro , Angelo Falzarano , Adele Naddeo

In a continuous time stochastic economy, this paper considers the problem of consumption and investment in a financial market in which the representative investor exhibits a change in the discount rate. The investment opportunities are a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-07-12 Traian A. Pirvu , Huayue Zhang

We study the competitive equilibrium of large random economies with linear activities using methods of statistical mechanics. We focus on economies with $C$ commodities, $N$ firms, each running a randomly drawn linear technology, and one…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-12-10 A. De Martino , M. Marsili , I. Pérez Castillo
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