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The extreme learning machine needs a large number of hidden nodes to generalize a single hidden layer neural network for a given training data-set. The need for more number of hidden nodes suggests that the neural-network is memorizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Dibyasundar Das , Deepak Ranjan Nayak , Ratnakar Dash , Banshidhar Majhi

We propose Quick Feedforward (QF) Learning, a novel knowledge consolidation framework for transformer-based models that enables efficient transfer of instruction derived knowledge into model weights through feedforward activations without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Feng Qi

End-to-end autonomous driving has emerged as a dominant paradigm, yet its highly entangled black-box models pose significant challenges in terms of interpretability and safety assurance. To improve model transparency and training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ni Ding , Lei He , Shengbo Eben Li , Keqiang Li

Research aimed at scaling up neuroscience inspired learning algorithms for neural networks is accelerating. Recently, a key research area has been the study of energy-based learning algorithms such as predictive coding, due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Luca Pinchetti , Simon Frieder , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Tommaso Salvatori

Neural networks are a group of neurons stacked together in multiple layers to mimic the biological neurons in a human brain. Neural networks have been trained using the backpropagation algorithm based on gradient descent strategy for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Deepak Kumar

Neural networks offer high-accuracy solutions to a range of problems, but are costly to run in production systems because of computational and memory requirements during a forward pass. Given a trained network, we propose a techique called…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-18 Michele Pratusevich

Incorporating the Forward Forward algorithm into neural network training represents a transformative shift from traditional methods, introducing a dual forward mechanism that streamlines the learning process by bypassing the complexities of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Mitra Bakhshi

The success of deep neural networks has inspired many to wonder whether other learners could benefit from deep, layered architectures. We present a general framework called forward thinking for deep learning that generalizes the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-23 Kevin Miller , Chris Hettinger , Jeffrey Humpherys , Tyler Jarvis , David Kartchner

Recently, deep neural networks have become to be used in a variety of applications. While the accuracy of deep neural networks is increasing, the confidence score, which indicates the reliability of the prediction results, is becoming more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Shohei Enomoto , Takeharu Eda

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) represent a promising approach in machine learning, combining the hierarchical learning capabilities of deep neural networks with the energy efficiency of spike-based computations. Traditional end-to-end…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Ruyin Wan , Qian Zhang , George Em Karniadakis

It is widely believed that the backpropagation algorithm is essential for learning good feature detectors in early layers of artificial neural networks, so that these detectors are useful for the task performed by the higher layers of that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Dmitry Krotov , John Hopfield

Existing approaches for information cascade prediction fall into three main categories: feature-driven methods, point process-based methods, and deep learning-based methods. Among them, deep learning-based methods, characterized by its…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Hongjun Zhu , Shun Yuan , Xin Liu , Kuo Chen , Chaolong Jia , Ying Qian

Forward gradient learning computes a noisy directional gradient and is a biologically plausible alternative to backprop for learning deep neural networks. However, the standard forward gradient algorithm, when applied naively, suffers from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Mengye Ren , Simon Kornblith , Renjie Liao , Geoffrey Hinton

As deep learning applications continue to deploy increasingly large artificial neural networks, the associated high energy demands are creating a need for alternative neuromorphic approaches. Optics and photonics are particularly compelling…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-19 Nicola Dal Cin , Florian Marquardt , Clara C. Wanjura

The brain cortex, which processes visual, auditory and sensory data in the brain, is known to have many recurrent connections within its layers and from higher to lower layers. But, in the case of machine learning with neural networks, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Sebastian Sanokowski

Training deep neural networks (DNNs) with backpropagation (BP) achieves state-of-the-art accuracy but requires global error propagation and full parameterization, leading to substantial memory and computational overhead. Direct Feedback…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Arani Roy , Marco P. Apolinario , Shristi Das Biswas , Kaushik Roy

Backpropagation, a foundational algorithm for training artificial neural networks, predominates in contemporary deep learning. Although highly successful, it is widely considered biologically implausible, because it relies on precise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Li Ji-An , Marcus K. Benna

The performance of Feedforward neural network (FNN) fully de-pends upon the selection of architecture and training algorithm. FNN architecture can be tweaked using several parameters, such as the number of hidden layers, number of hidden…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Tarun Kumar Gupta , Khalid Raza

Back-propagation algorithm is one of the most widely used and popular techniques to optimize the feed forward neural network training. Nature inspired meta-heuristic algorithms also provide derivative-free solution to optimize complex…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2012-09-13 Sudarshan Nandy , Partha Pratim Sarkar , Achintya Das

Reducing energy consumption has become a pressing need for modern machine learning, which has achieved many of its most impressive results by scaling to larger and more energy-consumptive neural networks. Unfortunately, the main algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Risi Jaiswal , Supriyo Datta , Joseph G. Makin