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Related papers: Proof Number Based Monte-Carlo Tree Search

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In many problem settings, most notably in game playing, an agent receives a possibly delayed reward for its actions. Often, those rewards are handcrafted and not naturally given. Even simple terminal-only rewards, like winning equals one…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Tobias Joppen , Johannes Fürnkranz

Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a search paradigm that first found prominence with its success in the domain of computer Go. Early theoretical work established the soundness and convergence bounds for Upper Confidence bounds applied to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Khoi P. N. Nguyen , Raghuram Ramanujan

In this paper, we study the effects of several Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) modifications for video game testing. Although MCTS modifications are highly studied in game playing, their impacts on finding bugs are blank. We focused on bug…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Sinan Ariyurek , Aysu Betin-Can , Elif Surer

UCT, a state-of-the art algorithm for Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) in games and Markov decision processes, is based on UCB1, a sampling policy for the Multi-armed Bandit problem (MAB) that minimizes the cumulative regret. However, search…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-25 David Tolpin , Solomon Eyal Shimony

Popular Monte-Carlo tree search (MCTS) algorithms for online planning, such as epsilon-greedy tree search and UCT, aim at rapidly identifying a reasonably good action, but provide rather poor worst-case guarantees on performance improvement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-09-27 Zohar Feldman , Carmel Domshlak

Games, including abstract board games, constitute a convenient ground to create, design, and improve new AI methods. In this field, Monte Carlo Tree Search is a popular algorithm family, aiming to build game trees and explore them…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Florian Richoux

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) algorithms perform simulation-based search to improve policies online. During search, the simulation policy is adapted to explore the most promising lines of play. MCTS has been used by state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Thomas Anthony , Robert Nishihara , Philipp Moritz , Tim Salimans , John Schulman

This work investigates the Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) method combined with dedicated heuristics for solving the Weighted Vertex Coloring Problem. In addition to the basic MCTS algorithm, we study several MCTS variants where the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Cyril Grelier , Olivier Goudet , Jin-Kao Hao

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) has proven effective in solving decision-making problems in perfect information settings. However, its application to stochastic and imperfect information domains remains limited. This paper extends the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Can Cömer , Jannis Blüml , Cedric Derstroff , Kristian Kersting

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) has recently been successfully used to create strategies for playing imperfect-information games. Despite its popularity, there are no theoretic results that guarantee its convergence to a well-defined…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-09-02 Vojtěch Kovařík , Viliam Lisý

The key to Black-Box Optimization is to efficiently search through input regions with potentially widely-varying numerical properties, to achieve low-regret descent and fast progress toward the optima. Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Yaoguang Zhai , Sicun Gao

We propose a provably correct Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) algorithm for solving risk-aware Markov decision processes (MDPs) with entropic risk measure (ERM) objectives. We provide a non-asymptotic analysis of our proposed algorithm,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Pedro P. Santos , Jacopo Silvestrin , Alberto Sardinha , Francisco S. Melo

This article discusses two contributions to decision-making in complex partially observable stochastic games. First, we apply two state-of-the-art search techniques that use Monte-Carlo sampling to the task of approximating a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-21 Marc Ponsen , Steven de Jong , Marc Lanctot

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is an effective test-time compute scaling (TTCS) method for improving the reasoning performance of large language models, but its highly variable execution time leads to severe long-tail latency in practice.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Hongbeen Kim , Juhyun Lee , Sanghyeon Lee , Kwanghoon Choi , Jaehyuk Huh

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) has profoundly influenced reinforcement learning (RL) by integrating planning and learning in tasks requiring long-horizon reasoning, exemplified by the AlphaZero family of algorithms. Central to MCTS is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Maximilian Weichart

There exists a broad class of sequencing problems, for example, in proteins and polymers that can be formulated as a heuristic search algorithm that involve decision making akin to a computer game. AI gaming algorithms such as Monte Carlo…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-06-08 Tarak K Patra , Troy D. Loeffler , Subramanian K R S Sankaranarayanan

One-shot neural architecture search (NAS) methods significantly reduce the search cost by considering the whole search space as one network, which only needs to be trained once. However, current methods select each operation independently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Xiu Su , Tao Huang , Yanxi Li , Shan You , Fei Wang , Chen Qian , Changshui Zhang , Chang Xu

Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a fundamental sampling-based search algorithm widely used for online planning in sequential decision-making domains. Despite its success in driving recent advances in artificial intelligence, understanding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yiyu Qian , Liyuan Zhao , Tim Miller

A recent theoretical analysis of a Monte-Carlo tree search (MCTS) method properly modified from the ``upper confidence bound applied to trees" (UCT) algorithm established a surprising result, due to a great deal of empirical successes…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Hyeong Soo Chang

Making changes to a program to optimize its performance is an unscalable task that relies entirely upon human intuition and experience. In addition, companies operating at large scale are at a stage where no single individual understands…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Don M. Dini
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