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State-of-the-art models in natural language processing rely on separate rigid subword tokenization algorithms, which limit their generalization ability and adaptation to new settings. In this paper, we propose a new model inductive bias…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Yi Tay , Vinh Q. Tran , Sebastian Ruder , Jai Gupta , Hyung Won Chung , Dara Bahri , Zhen Qin , Simon Baumgartner , Cong Yu , Donald Metzler

Vision Transformers (ViTs) are built by stacking independently parameterized blocks, but it remains unclear how much of this depth requires layer specific transformations and how much can be realized through recurrent computation. We study…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Michal Byra , Pawel Olszowiec , Grzegorz Stefanski , Grzegorz Gruszczynski , Alberto Presta

To reduce the inference cost of large language models, model compression is increasingly used to create smaller scalable models. However, little is known about their robustness to minority subgroups defined by the labels and attributes of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Leonidas Gee , Andrea Zugarini , Novi Quadrianto

We present a new semi-external algorithm that builds the Burrows--Wheeler transform variant of Bauer et al. (a.k.a., BCR BWT) in linear expected time. Our method uses compression techniques to reduce computational costs when the input is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Diego Díaz-Domínguez , Gonzalo Navarro

Objective: Transformers, born to remedy the inadequate receptive fields of CNNs, have drawn explosive attention recently. However, the daunting computational complexity of global representation learning, together with rigid window…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Xian Lin , Li Yu , Kwang-Ting Cheng , Zengqiang Yan

The large pre-trained BERT has achieved remarkable performance on Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks but is also computation and memory expensive. As one of the powerful compression approaches, binarization extremely reduces the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Haotong Qin , Yifu Ding , Mingyuan Zhang , Qinghua Yan , Aishan Liu , Qingqing Dang , Ziwei Liu , Xianglong Liu

To train large models (like BERT and GPT-3) on hundreds of GPUs, communication has become a major bottleneck, especially on commodity systems with limited-bandwidth TCP network. On one side large batch-size optimization such as LAMB…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Conglong Li , Ammar Ahmad Awan , Hanlin Tang , Samyam Rajbhandari , Yuxiong He

Fine-tuning pre-trained transformers is a powerful technique for enhancing the performance of base models on specific tasks. From early applications in models like BERT to fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), this approach has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Suneel Nadipalli

Trit-plane coding enables deep progressive image compression, but it cannot use autoregressive context models. In this paper, we propose the context-based trit-plane coding (CTC) algorithm to achieve progressive compression more compactly.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-14 Seungmin Jeon , Kwang Pyo Choi , Youngo Park , Chang-Su Kim

Transfer learning with large pretrained transformer-based language models like BERT has become a dominating approach for most NLP tasks. Simply fine-tuning those large language models on downstream tasks or combining it with task-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Wenjuan Han , Bo Pang , Yingnian Wu

Chinese word segmentation (CWS) is a fundamental task for Chinese language understanding. Recently, neural network-based models have attained superior performance in solving the in-domain CWS task. Last year, Bidirectional Encoder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Haiqin Yang

Recent advances in large language models have led to specialized models excelling in specific domains, creating a need for efficient model merging techniques. While traditional merging approaches combine parameters into a single static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Shuqi Liu , Yuxuan Yao , Bowei He , Zehua Liu , Xiongwei Han , Mingxuan Yuan , Han Wu , Linqi Song

Large language models (LLM) have achieved remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. However, their substantial parameter sizes pose significant challenges for deployment on edge devices with limited computational and memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yu-Chen Lu , Sheng-Feng Yu , Hui-Hsien Weng , Pei-Shuo Wang , Yu-Fang Hu , Liang Hung-Chun , Hung-Yueh Chiang , Kai-Chiang Wu

This paper explores the adaptation of Transformerbased models for edge devices through the quantisation and hardware acceleration of the ARM Keyword Transformer (KWT) model on a RISC-V platform. The model was targeted to run on 64kB RAM in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Aness Al-Qawlaq , Ajay Kumar M , Deepu John

The Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model has been radically improving the performance of many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks such as Text Classification and Named Entity Recognition (NER)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Leonard Dahlmann , Tomer Lancewicki

The use of large transformer-based models such as BERT, GPT, and T5 has led to significant advancements in natural language processing. However, these models are computationally expensive, necessitating model compression techniques that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Apoorv Dankar , Adeem Jassani , Kartikaeya Kumar

Deploying sparse Mixture of Experts(MoE) Vision Transformers remains a challenge due to linear expert memory scaling. Linear memory scaling stores $N$ independent expert weight matrices requiring $\mathcal{O}(N_E \cdot d^2)$ memory, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Aryan Karmore

High-dimensional token embeddings underpin Large Language Models (LLMs), as they can capture subtle semantic information and significantly enhance the modelling of complex language patterns. However, this high dimensionality also introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Mingxue Xu , Yao Lei Xu , Danilo P. Mandic

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) is frequently hindered by prohibitive memory and computational requirements. While quantization mitigates these bottlenecks, maintaining model fidelity in the sub-1-bit regime remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Banseok Lee , Dongkyu Kim , Youngcheon You , Youngmin Kim

Large language models (LLMs) are dominated by dense linear transformations, whose storage, memory and computational overheads hinder efficient adaptation and deployment while masking the functional impacts of structural simplification. Here…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ying Lu , Peng-Fei Zhou , Qi-Xuan Fang , Pan Zhang , Shi-Ju Ran , Gang Su