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Passwords provide security mechanism for authentication and protection services against unwanted access to resources. A graphical based password is one promising alternatives of textual passwords. According to human psychology, humans are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-10-19 Wazir Zada Khan , Mohammed Y. Aalsalem , Yang Xiang

What can humans compute in their heads? We are thinking of a variety of Crypto Protocols, games like Sudoku, Crossword Puzzles, Speed Chess, and so on. The intent of this paper is to apply the ideas and methods of theoretical computer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-07-06 Manuel Blum , Santosh Vempala

Providing security for information is highly critical in the current era with devices enabled with smart technology, where assuming a day without the internet is highly impossible. Fast internet at a cheaper price, not only made…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Sharmila S P , Aruna Tiwari , Narendra S Chaudhari

The Wi-Fi technology (IEEE 802.11) was introduced in 1997. With the increasing use and deployment of such networks, their security has also attracted considerable attention. Current Wi-Fi networks use WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2) for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Yong Zhi Lim , Hazmei Bin Abdul Rahman , Biplab Sikdar

Due to the prevalence of online services in modern society, such as internet banking and social media, it is important for users to have an understanding of basic security measures in order to keep themselves safe online. However, users…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Sam Scholefield , Lynsay A. Shepherd

Password management has long been a persistently challenging task. This led to the introduction of password management software, which has been around for at least 25 years in various forms, including desktop and browser-based applications.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Efstratios Chatzoglou , Vyron Kampourakis , Zisis Tsiatsikas , Georgios Karopoulos , Georgios Kambourakis

The vast amount of available medical records has the potential to improve healthcare and biomedical research. However, privacy restrictions make these data accessible for internal use only. Recent works have addressed this problem by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Samuel Belkadi , Libo Ren , Nicolo Micheletti , Lifeng Han , Goran Nenadic

As Virtual Reality (VR) expands into fields like healthcare and education, ensuring secure and user-friendly authentication becomes essential. Traditional password entry methods in VR are cumbersome and insecure, making password managers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Emiram Kablo , Yorick Last , Patricia Arias Cabarcos , Melanie Volkamer

Generative AI technologies, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), are rapidly being adopted across industry, academia, and government sectors, owing to their remarkable capabilities in natural language processing. However, despite…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Vivek Vaidya , Aditya Patwardhan , Ashish Kundu

Cloud computing is drastically growing technology which provides an on-demand software, hardware, infrastructure and data storage as services. This technology is used worldwide to improve the business infrastructure and performance.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-07-17 Dinesha H. A. , V. K. Agrawa

Phishing is a type of attack in which cyber criminals tricks the victims to steal their personal and financial data. It has become an organized criminal activity. Spoofed emails claiming to be from legitimate source are crafted in a way to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-05-14 Ahmad Alamgir Khan

Passwords still remain a dominant authentication method, yet their security is routinely subverted by predictable user choices and large-scale credential leaks. Automated password guessing is a key tool for stress-testing password policies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Vladimir A. Mazin , Mikhail A. Zorin , Dmitrii S. Korzh , Elvir Z. Karimov , Dmitrii A. Bolokhov , Oleg Y. Rogov

We consider an abstraction of computational security in password protected systems where a user draws a secret string of given length with i.i.d. characters from a finite alphabet, and an adversary would like to identify the secret string…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-27 Arman Rezaee , Ahmad Beirami , Ali Makhdoumi , Muriel Medard , Ken Duffy

Password strength meters (PSMs) have been widely used by websites to gauge password strength, encouraging users to create stronger passwords. Popular data-driven PSMs, e.g., based on Markov, Probabilistic Context-free Grammar (PCFG) and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Ming Xu , Weili Han , Jitao Yu , Jing Liu , Xinyi Zhang , Yun Lin , Jin Song Dong

While password managers are a vital tool for internet security, they can also create a massive central point of failure, as evidenced by several major recent data breaches. For over 20 years, deterministic password generators (DPGs) have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Vivek Nair , Dawn Song

This work presents some novel techniques to enhance an encryption scheme motivated by classical McEliece cryptosystem. Contributions include: (1) using masking matrices to hide sensitive data, (2) allowing both legitimate parties to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Amir K. Khandani

Ensuring privacy of users of social networks is probably an unsolvable conundrum. At the same time, an informed use of the existing privacy options by the social network participants may alleviate - or even prevent - some of the more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-02-08 Kambiz Ghazinour , Stan Matwin , Marina Sokolova

Data-driven systems are gathering increasing amounts of data from users, and sensitive user data requires privacy protections. In some cases, the data gathered is non-numerical or symbolic, and conventional approaches to privacy, e.g.,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-12 Bo Chen , Kevin Leahy , Austin Jones , Matthew Hale

Graphical passwords have been demonstrated to be the possible alternatives to traditional alphanumeric passwords. However, they still tend to follow predictable patterns that are easier to attack. The crux of the problem is users' memory…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-06-14 Haichang Gao , Zhongjie Ren , Xiuling Chang , Xiyang Liu , Uwe Aickelin

Usable and secure authentication on the web and beyond is mission-critical. While password-based authentication is still widespread, users have trouble dealing with potentially hundreds of online accounts and their passwords. Alternatives…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Jan H. Klemmer , Marco Gutfleisch , Christian Stransky , Yasemin Acar , M. Angela Sasse , Sascha Fahl