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We present a comprehensive analysis of the periodic flares observed in the 6.7 GHz methanol transition in G22.356+0.066, utilizing the Maxwell-Bloch equations (MBEs) as a framework to model these phenomena. By solving the one-dimensional…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-09-17 T. Rashidi , V. Anari , A. Bartkiewicz , P. Wolak , M. Szymczak , F. Rajabi

We analyze a decade of 6.7 GHz methanol monitoring data in G9.62+0.20E, confirming the known periodicities of p1 = 241.3 +/- 2.3 d and p2 = 52.5 +/- 0.3 d, and identifying three new cycles at p3 = 127.0 +/- 1.6 d, p4 = 163.9 +/- 2.9 d, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-24 T. Rashidi , V. Anari , O. Powles , G. C. MacLeod , Y. Tanabe , Y. Yonekura , F. Rajabi

We present the results of a monitoring campaign using the KAT-7 and HartRAO 26m telescopes, of hydroxyl, methanol and water vapour masers associated with the high-mass star forming region G9.62+0.20E. Periodic flaring of the main line…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-20 S. Goedhart , R. van Rooyen , D. J. van der Walt , J. P. Maswanganye , A. Sanna , G. C. MacLeod , S. P. van den Heever

The class II methanol maser source G9.62+0.20E undergoes periodic flares at both 6.7 and 12.2 GHz. The flare starting in 2001 October was observed at seven epochs over three months using the VLBA at 12.2 GHz. High angular resolution images…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. Goedhart , V. Minier , M. J. Gaylard , D. J. van der Walt

We present the light curves of the 6.7 and 12.2 GHz methanol masers in the star forming region G9.62+0.20E for a time span of more than 2600 days. The earlier reported period of 244 days is confirmed. The results of monitoring the 107 GHz…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-13 D. J. van der Walt , S. Goedhart , M. J. Gaylard

We report the discovery of periodic flares of 6.7GHz methanol maser in the young massive stellar object G22.357+0.066. The target was monitored in the methanol maser line over 20 months with the Torun 32m telescope. The emission was also…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-28 M. Szymczak , P. Wolak , A. Bartkiewicz , H. J. van Langevelde

We apply Dicke's theory of superradiance introduced in 1954 to the methanol 6.7 GHz and water 22 GHz spectral lines, often detected in molecular clouds as signposts for the early stages of the star formation process. We suggest that…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-04-06 Fereshteh Rajabi , Martin Houde

We report the discovery of 6.7 GHz methanol maser periodic flares in four massive star forming regions and the updated light curve for the known periodic source G22.357+0.066. The observations were carried out with the Torun 32 m radio…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 M. Szymczak , P. Wolak , A. Bartkiewicz

We have performed a molecular line search toward the flaring 6.7-GHz masers G24.33+0.13 and G359.62-0.24 using the Australia Telescope Compact Array. We present spectra of the 6.7-GHz class~II methanol and 22.2-GHz water masers toward these…

A comparison between the observed light curves of periodic masers in G9.62+0.20E and G188.95+0.89 and the results of a simple colliding-wind binary model is made to establish whether the flaring and other time-dependent behaviour of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 DJ van der Walt

Periodic or regular flaring of class II methanol masers in nine high mass star forming regions is now a well established phenomenon. Amongst the nine star forming regions, G37.55+0.20 is the only case at present where apart from the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 D. J. van der Walt

We observed 14 methanol transitions near lambda=2 mm in Galactic star-forming regions. Broad, quasi-thermal J(0)-J(-1)E methanol lines near 157 GHz were detected toward 73 sources. Together with the 6(-1)-5(0)E and 5(-2)-6(-1)E lines at 133…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 V. I. Slysh , S. V. Kalenskii , I. E. Val'tts , V. V. Golubev , K. Mead

Results of the long-term monitoring observations of the 6.7 GHz Class II methanol masers associated with the four high-mass star-forming regions by Hitachi 32-m radio telescope are presented. We detected periodic flux variability in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-02-28 Yoshihiro Tanabe , Yoshinori Yonekura

Periodic flares of maser emission are thought to be induced either by variations of the seed photon flux in young binary systems or the pump rate regulated by stellar and accretion luminosities. We seek to study the variability of four…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-05 Mateusz Olech , Marian Szymczak , Paweł Wolak , Eric Gérard , Anna Bartkiewicz

We report the detection of new 12.178, 12.229, 20.347, and 23.121 GHz methanol masers in the massive star-forming region G358.93-0.03, which are flaring on similarly short timescales (days) as the 6.668 GHz methanol masers also associated…

Recent studies have shown that 6.7 GHz methanol maser flares can be a powerful tool for verifying the mechanisms of maser production and even the specific signatures of accretion rate changes in the early stages of high-mass star formation.…

We present new evidence for superradiance in the methanol 6.7 GHz spectral line for three different star-forming regions: S255IR-NIRS3, G24.329+0.144, and Cepheus A. Our analysis shows that some of the intensity flares exhibiting fast flux…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-01-23 F. Rajabi , M. Houde , A. Bartkiewicz , M. Olech , M. Szymczak , P. Wolak

The 6.7 GHz methanol maser in a high-mass star-forming region G33.641$-$0.228 is known to exhibit burst-like flux variability due to an unknown mechanism. To investigate the burst mechanism, we conducted high-cadence flux and circular…

Methanol and water vapour masers are signposts of early stages of high-mass star formation but it is generally thought that due to different excitation processes they probe distinct parts of stellar environments. Here we present…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-05 M. Szymczak , M. Olech , P. Wolak , A. Bartkiewicz , M. Gawronski

We present the unambiguous discovery of six new class II methanol maser transitions, three of which are torsionally excited (vt=1). The newly discovered 6.18-GHz 17_-2 -> 18_-3 E (vt=1), 7.68-GHz 12_4 -> 13_3 A- (vt=0), 7.83-GHz 12_4 ->…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-05-15 S. L. Breen , A. M. Sobolev , J. F. Kaczmarek , S. P. Ellingsen , T. P. McCarthy , M. A. Voronkov
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