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Related papers: DACOS-A Manually Annotated Dataset of Code Smells

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With the rapid adoption of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) across diverse applications, there is a pressing need for task-centered, high-quality training data. A key limitation of current training datasets is their reliance on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Xiaoyu Lin , Aniket Ghorpade , Hansheng Zhu , Justin Qiu , Dea Rrozhani , Monica Lama , Mick Yang , Zixuan Bian , Ruohan Ren , Alan B. Hong , Jiatao Gu , Chris Callison-Burch

Recent advances in text recognition led to a paradigm shift for page-level recognition, from multi-step segmentation-based approaches to end-to-end attention-based ones. However, the na\"ive character-level autoregressive decoding process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Denis Coquenet

Data annotated by humans is a source of knowledge by describing the peculiarities of the problem and therefore fueling the decision process of the trained model. Unfortunately, the annotation process for subjective natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Kamil Kanclerz , Julita Bielaniewicz , Marcin Gruza , Jan Kocon , Stanisław Woźniak , Przemysław Kazienko

In this paper, we focus on studying duplicate logging statements, which are logging statements that have the same static text message. We manually studied over 4K duplicate logging statements and their surrounding code in five large-scale…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Zhenhao Li , Tse-Hsun , Chen , Jinqiu Yang , Weiyi Shang

Data is the engine of modern computer vision, which necessitates collecting large-scale datasets. This is expensive, and guaranteeing the quality of the labels is a major challenge. In this paper, we investigate efficient annotation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Yuan-Hong Liao , Amlan Kar , Sanja Fidler

Automated code smell detection faces persistent challenges due to the subjectivity of heuristic rules and the limited performance of traditional ML/DL models. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising alternative, their adoption…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Beiqi Zhang , Peng Liang , Xin Zhou , Xiyu Zhou , David Lo , Qiong Feng , Zengyang Li , Lin Li

We present a human-and-model-in-the-loop process for dynamically generating datasets and training better performing and more robust hate detection models. We provide a new dataset of ~40,000 entries, generated and labelled by trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Bertie Vidgen , Tristan Thrush , Zeerak Waseem , Douwe Kiela

Annotating large datasets can be challenging. However, crowd-sourcing is often expensive and can lack quality, especially for non-trivial tasks. We propose a method of using LLMs as few-shot learners for annotating data in a complex natural…

Source Code Summarization is the task of writing short, natural language descriptions of source code. The main use for these descriptions is in software documentation e.g. the one-sentence Java method descriptions in JavaDocs. Code…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Alexander LeClair , Collin McMillan

This paper introduces CODA-19, a human-annotated dataset that codes the Background, Purpose, Method, Finding/Contribution, and Other sections of 10,966 English abstracts in the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset. CODA-19 was created by 248…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-21 Ting-Hao 'Kenneth' Huang , Chieh-Yang Huang , Chien-Kuang Cornelia Ding , Yen-Chia Hsu , C. Lee Giles

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has significantly improved their performance in code generation tasks. However, existing code benchmarks remain static, consisting of fixed datasets with predefined problems. This makes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Wenhao Hu , Jinhao Duan , Chunchen Wei , Li Zhang , Yue Zhang , Kaidi Xu

Automatic Emotion Detection (ED) aims to build systems to identify users' emotions automatically. This field has the potential to enhance HCI, creating an individualised experience for the user. However, ED systems tend to perform poorly on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Annanda Sousa , Karen Young , Mathieu D'aquin , Manel Zarrouk , Jennifer Holloway

As the number of applications that use machine learning algorithms increases, the need for labeled data useful for training such algorithms intensifies. Getting labels typically involves employing humans to do the annotation, which directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-07-16 Alexandros Ntoulas , Omar Alonso , Vasilis Kandylas

We introduce a novel dataset tailored for code generation, aimed at aiding developers in common tasks. Our dataset provides examples that include a clarified intent, code snippets associated, and an average of three related unit tests. It…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Nathanaël Beau , Benoît Crabbé

Human pose estimation is a key task in computer vision with various applications such as activity recognition and interactive systems. However, the lack of consistency in the annotated skeletons across different datasets poses challenges in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Muhammad Saif Ullah Khan , Dhavalkumar Limbachiya , Didier Stricker , Muhammad Zeshan Afzal

Detecting objects of interest through language often presents challenges, particularly with objects that are uncommon or complex to describe, due to perceptual discrepancies between automated models and human annotators. These challenges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Pengfei Qi , Yifei Zhang , Wenqiang Li , Youwen Hu , Kunlong Bai

Instance shape reconstruction from a 3D scene involves recovering the full geometries of multiple objects at the semantic instance level. Many methods leverage data-driven learning due to the intricacies of scene complexity and significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Haolin Liu , Chongjie Ye , Yinyu Nie , Yingfan He , Xiaoguang Han

As one of the most popular dynamic languages, Python experiences a decrease in readability and maintainability when code smells are present. Recent advancements in Large Language Models have sparked growing interest in AI-enabled tools for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Beiqi Zhang , Peng Liang , Qiong Feng , Yujia Fu , Zengyang Li

The proliferation of large language models for code (CodeLMs) and open-source contributions has heightened concerns over unauthorized use of source code datasets. While watermarking provides a viable protection mechanism by embedding…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yuchen Chen , Yuan Xiao , Chunrong Fang , Zhenyu Chen , Baowen Xu

The low cost and rapid provisioning capabilities have made open-source cloud a desirable platform to launch industrial applications. However, as open-source cloud moves towards maturity, it still suffers from quality issues like code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Raj Narendra Shah , Sameer Ahmed Mohamed , Asif Imran , Tevfik Kosar