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We provide a general theory of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for inferring high dimensional latent variable models. In particular, we make two contributions: (i) For parameter estimation, we propose a novel high dimensional EM…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-01-28 Zhaoran Wang , Quanquan Gu , Yang Ning , Han Liu

We consider the problem of estimating a probability distribution that maximizes the entropy while satisfying a finite number of moment constraints, possibly corrupted by noise. Based on duality of convex programming, we present a novel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-22 Tobias Sutter , David Sutter , Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani , John Lygeros

A common statistical situation concerns inferring an unknown distribution Q(x) from a known distribution P(y), where X (dimension n), and Y (dimension m) have a known functional relationship. Most commonly, n<m, and the task is relatively…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2016-02-01 Jayajit Das , Sayak Mukherjee , Susan E. Hodge

Maximum entropy estimation is of broad interest for inferring properties of systems across many different disciplines. In this work, we significantly extend a technique we previously introduced for estimating the maximum entropy of a set of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2016-01-05 Elliot A. Martin , Jaroslav Hlinka , Alexander Meinke , Filip Děchtěrenko , Jörn Davidsen

Entropy estimation is of practical importance in information theory and statistical science. Many existing entropy estimators suffer from fast growing estimation bias with respect to dimensionality, rendering them unsuitable for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Ziqiao Ao , Jinglai Li

With the growing availability of large-scale biomedical data, it is often time-consuming or infeasible to directly perform traditional statistical analysis with relatively limited computing resources at hand. We propose a fast subsampling…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-18 Haixiang Zhang , Lulu Zuo , HaiYing Wang , Liuquan Sun

We consider estimating the transition probability matrix of a finite-state finite-observation alphabet hidden Markov model with known observation probabilities. The main contribution is a two-step algorithm; a method of moments estimator…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Robert Mattila , Cristian R. Rojas , Vikram Krishnamurthy , Bo Wahlberg

We show that maximum entropy (maxent) models can be modeled with certain kinds of HMMs, allowing us to construct maxent models with hidden variables, hidden state sequences, or other characteristics. The models can be trained using the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-07 Joshua Goodman

The purpose of this note is to show how the method of maximum entropy in the mean (MEM) may be used to improve parametric estimation when the measurements are corrupted by large level of noise. The method is developed in the context on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Henryk Gzyl , Enrique ter Horst

Maximum entropy models provide the least constrained probability distributions that reproduce statistical properties of experimental datasets. In this work we characterize the learning dynamics that maximizes the log-likelihood in the case…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-09-21 Ulisse Ferrari

The principle of maximum entropy provides a useful method for inferring statistical mechanics models from observations in correlated systems, and is widely used in a variety of fields where accurate data are available. While the assumptions…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-06-02 Ulisse Ferrari , Tomoyuki Obuchi , Thierry Mora

The principle of maximum entropy is a broadly applicable technique for computing a distribution with the least amount of information possible constrained to match empirical data, for instance, feature expectations. We seek to generalize…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Kenneth Bogert

Maximum likelihood estimators are proposed for the parameters and the densities in a semiparametric density ratio model in which the nonparametric baseline density is approximated by the Bernstein polynomial model. The EM algorithm is used…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-02 Zhong Guan

This paper considers maximum likelihood (ML) estimation in a large class of models with hidden Markov regimes. We investigate consistency of the ML estimator and local asymptotic normality for the models under general conditions which allow…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-07 Demian Pouzo , Zacharias Psaradakis , Martin Sola

The Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm is a versatile tool for model parameter estimation in latent data models. When processing large data sets or data stream however, EM becomes intractable since it requires the whole data set to be…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-10-18 Sylvain Le Corff , Gersende Fort

Efficient approximation lies at the heart of large-scale machine learning problems. In this paper, we propose a novel, robust maximum entropy algorithm, which is capable of dealing with hundreds of moments and allows for computationally…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-05 Diego Granziol , Binxin Ru , Stefan Zohren , Xiaowen Doing , Michael Osborne , Stephen Roberts

Reconstructing 4D or 6D phase space distributions from 1D or 2D measurements is a challenging inverse problem encountered in particle accelerators. Entropy maximization is an established method to incorporate prior information in the…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-08-18 Austin Hoover

The principle of maximum entropy is a broadly applicable technique for computing a distribution with the least amount of information possible while constrained to match empirically estimated feature expectations. However, in many real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Kenneth Bogert , Yikang Gui , Prashant Doshi

Maximum entropy (MAXENT) method has a large number of applications in theoretical and applied machine learning, since it provides a convenient non-parametric tool for estimating unknown probabilities. The method is a major contribution of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-12-18 A. E. Allahverdyan , N. H. Martirosyan

Inference in hidden Markov model has been challenging in terms of scalability due to dependencies in the observation data. In this paper, we utilize the inherent memory decay in hidden Markov models, such that the forward and backward…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-14 Felix X. -F. Ye , Yi-an Ma , Hong Qian
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