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Deep learning advances have revolutionized automated digital pathology analysis. However, differences in staining protocols and imaging conditions can introduce significant color variability. In deep learning, such color inconsistency often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Tianyue Xu , Yanlin Wu , Abhai K. Tripathi , Matthew M. Ippolito , Benjamin D. Haeffele

Three-dimensional X-ray histology techniques offer a non-invasive alternative to conventional 2D histology, enabling volumetric imaging of biological tissues without the need for physical sectioning or chemical staining. However, the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-12 Sarah C. Irvine , Christian Lucas , Diana Krüger , Bianca Guedert , Julian Moosmann , Berit Zeller-Plumhoff

Super-resolution microscopy overcomes the diffraction limit of conventional light microscopy in spatial resolution. By providing novel spatial or spatio-temporal information on biological processes at nanometer resolution with molecular…

Biological Physics · Physics 2021-11-10 Tianjie Yang , Yaoru Luo , Wei Ji , Ge Yang

Optical tweezers exploit light--matter interactions to trap particles ranging from single atoms to micrometer-sized eukaryotic cells. For this reason, optical tweezers are a ubiquitous tool in physics, biology, and nanotechnology. Recently,…

Modern histopathology relies on the microscopic examination of thin tissue sections stained with histochemical techniques, typically using brightfield or fluorescence microscopy. However, the staining of samples can permanently alter their…

Microscopy enables direct observation of cellular morphology in 3D, with transmitted-light methods offering low-cost, minimally invasive imaging and fluorescence microscopy providing specificity and contrast. Virtual staining combines these…

Purpose: To develop a deep learning approach to digitally-stain optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of the optic nerve head (ONH). Methods: A horizontal B-scan was acquired through the center of the ONH using OCT (Spectralis) for 1…

The success of deep learning methods in medical image segmentation tasks heavily depends on a large amount of labeled data to supervise the training. On the other hand, the annotation of biomedical images requires domain knowledge and can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Xinrong Hu , Dewen Zeng , Xiaowei Xu , Yiyu Shi

Virtual staining, or in-silico-labeling, has been proposed to computationally generate synthetic fluorescence images from label-free images by use of deep learning-based image-to-image translation networks. In most reported studies,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-04 Sourya Sengupta , Jianquan Xu , Phuong Nguyen , Frank J. Brooks , Yang Liu , Mark A. Anastasio

Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) is a powerful tool for untargeted, highly multiplexed molecular mapping of tissue in biomedical research. IMS offers a means of mapping the spatial distributions of molecular species in biological tissue with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yijie Zhang , Luzhe Huang , Nir Pillar , Yuzhu Li , Lukasz G. Migas , Raf Van de Plas , Jeffrey M. Spraggins , Aydogan Ozcan

Stain variation is a unique challenge associated with automated analysis of digital pathology. Numerous methods have been developed to improve the robustness of machine learning methods to stain variation, but comparative studies have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-14 Michael Yeung , Todd Watts , Sean YW Tan , Pedro F. Ferreira , Andrew D. Scott , Sonia Nielles-Vallespin , Guang Yang

Deep learning has received extensive research interest in developing new medical image processing algorithms, and deep learning based models have been remarkably successful in a variety of medical imaging tasks to support disease detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Xuxin Chen , Ximin Wang , Ke Zhang , Kar-Ming Fung , Theresa C. Thai , Kathleen Moore , Robert S. Mannel , Hong Liu , Bin Zheng , Yuchen Qiu

Virtual staining of tissue offers a powerful tool for transforming label-free microscopy images of unstained tissue into equivalents of histochemically stained samples. This study presents a diffusion model-based super-resolution virtual…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Yijie Zhang , Luzhe Huang , Nir Pillar , Yuzhu Li , Hanlong Chen , Aydogan Ozcan

We discuss recently emerging applications of the state-of-art deep learning methods on optical microscopy and microscopic image reconstruction, which enable new transformations among different modes and modalities of microscopic imaging,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-23 Yair Rivenson , Aydogan Ozcan

Visualizing the details of different cellular structures is of great importance to elucidate cellular functions. However, it is challenging to obtain high quality images of different structures directly due to complex cellular environments.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-01 Yi Liu , Hao Yuan , Zhengyang Wang , Shuiwang Ji

Biomedical photoacoustic tomography, which can provide high resolution 3D soft tissue images based on the optical absorption, has advanced to the stage at which translation from the laboratory to clinical settings is becoming possible. The…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-20 Andreas Hauptmann , Ben Cox

Histopathology images; microscopy images of stained tissue biopsies contain fundamental prognostic information that forms the foundation of pathological analysis and diagnostic medicine. However, diagnostics from histopathology images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Aïcha BenTaieb , Ghassan Hamarneh

Skin cancer is one of the most threatening diseases worldwide. However, diagnosing skin cancer correctly is challenging. Recently, deep learning algorithms have emerged to achieve excellent performance on various tasks. Particularly, they…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-08 Hongfeng Li , Yini Pan , Jie Zhao , Li Zhang

The rapid development of deep learning has made a great progress in image segmentation, one of the fundamental tasks of computer vision. However, the current segmentation algorithms mostly rely on the availability of pixel-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Wei Shen , Zelin Peng , Xuehui Wang , Huayu Wang , Jiazhong Cen , Dongsheng Jiang , Lingxi Xie , Xiaokang Yang , Qi Tian

Histochemical staining is essential for visualizing tissue architecture and cellular morphology but is destructive and limited by the availability of tissue for multiple stains. Virtual staining with label-free microscopy offers a…