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We extend BeamAttack, an adversarial attack algorithm designed to evaluate the robustness of text classification systems through word-level modifications guided by beam search. Our extensions include support for word deletions and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Arnisa Fazla , Lucas Krauter , David Guzman Piedrahita , Andrianos Michail

Large language models have many beneficial applications, but can they also be used to attack content-filtering algorithms in social media platforms? We investigate the challenge of generating adversarial examples to test the robustness of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Piotr Przybyła , Euan McGill , Horacio Saggion

With the increasing use of machine-learning driven algorithmic judgements, it is critical to develop models that are robust to evolving or manipulated inputs. We propose an extensive analysis of model robustness against linguistic variation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Maria Glenski , Ellyn Ayton , Robin Cosbey , Dustin Arendt , Svitlana Volkova

As the spread of false information on the internet has increased dramatically in recent years, more and more attention is being paid to automated fake news detection. Some fake news detection methods are already quite successful.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Camille Koenders , Johannes Filla , Nicolai Schneider , Vinicius Woloszyn

In response to adversarial text attacks, attack detection models have been proposed and shown to successfully identify text modified by adversaries. Attack detection models can be leveraged to provide an additional check for NLP models and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Jonathan Rusert

The volume of machine-generated content online has grown dramatically due to the widespread use of Large Language Models (LLMs), leading to new challenges for content moderation systems. Conventional content moderation classifiers, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Shaz Furniturewala , Arkaitz Zubiaga

This paper attempt to study the effectiveness of text representation schemes on two tasks namely: User Aggression and Fact Detection from the social media contents. In User Aggression detection, The aim is to identify the level of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-04-19 Sandip Modha , Prasenjit Majumder

Robustness of huge Transformer-based models for natural language processing is an important issue due to their capabilities and wide adoption. One way to understand and improve robustness of these models is an exploration of an adversarial…

Recently, few certified defense methods have been developed to provably guarantee the robustness of a text classifier to adversarial synonym substitutions. However, all existing certified defense methods assume that the defenders are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Jiehang Zeng , Xiaoqing Zheng , Jianhan Xu , Linyang Li , Liping Yuan , Xuanjing Huang

Toxic content detection aims to identify content that can offend or harm its recipients. Automated classifiers of toxic content need to be robust against adversaries who deliberately try to bypass filters. We propose a method of generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Keita Kurita , Anna Belova , Antonios Anastasopoulos

Social media platforms are deploying machine learning based offensive language classification systems to combat hateful, racist, and other forms of offensive speech at scale. However, despite their real-world deployment, we do not yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Jonathan Rusert , Zubair Shafiq , Padmini Srinivasan

Transformer-based text classifiers such as BERT, RoBERTa, T5, and GPT have shown strong performance in natural language processing tasks but remain vulnerable to adversarial examples. These vulnerabilities raise significant security…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Bushra Sabir , Yansong Gao , Alsharif Abuadbba , M. Ali Babar

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, such as backdoor attacks in which a malicious adversary compromises a model during training such that specific behaviour can be triggered at test time by attaching a specific word…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-21 You Guo , Jun Wang , Trevor Cohn

The landscape of adversarial attacks against text classifiers continues to grow, with new attacks developed every year and many of them available in standard toolkits, such as TextAttack and OpenAttack. In response, there is a growing body…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Zhouhang Xie , Jonathan Brophy , Adam Noack , Wencong You , Kalyani Asthana , Carter Perkins , Sabrina Reis , Sameer Singh , Daniel Lowd

Fake information poses one of the major threats for society in the 21st century. Identifying misinformation has become a key challenge due to the amount of fake news that is published daily. Yet, no approach is established that addresses…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Vishwani Gupta , Katharina Beckh , Sven Giesselbach , Dennis Wegener , Tim Wirtz

The spread of fake news has emerged as a critical challenge, undermining trust and posing threats to society. In the era of Large Language Models (LLMs), the capability to generate believable fake content has intensified these concerns. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Jinyan Su , Terry Yue Zhuo , Jonibek Mansurov , Di Wang , Preslav Nakov

Given the growing influx of misinformation across news and social media, there is a critical need for systems that can provide effective real-time verification of news claims. Large language or multimodal model based verification has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Jaeyoung Lee , Ximing Lu , Jack Hessel , Faeze Brahman , Youngjae Yu , Yonatan Bisk , Yejin Choi , Saadia Gabriel

Recent advances in generative models for language have enabled the creation of convincing synthetic text or deepfake text. Prior work has demonstrated the potential for misuse of deepfake text to mislead content consumers. Therefore,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Jiameng Pu , Zain Sarwar , Sifat Muhammad Abdullah , Abdullah Rehman , Yoonjin Kim , Parantapa Bhattacharya , Mobin Javed , Bimal Viswanath

In recent years, text generation tools utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) have occasionally been misused across various domains, such as generating student reports or creative writings. This issue prompts plagiarism detection services…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Ahmed K. Kadhim , Lei Jiao , Rishad Shafik , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

The most effective misinformation campaigns are multimodal, often combining text with images and videos taken out of context -- or fabricating them entirely -- to support a given narrative. Contemporary methods for detecting misinformation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Tomas Peterka , Matyas Bohacek
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