Related papers: Just another solution to the Basel Problem
An approach for solving a variety of inverse coefficient problems for the Sturm-Liouville equation -y''+q(x)y={\lambda}y with a complex valued potential q(x) is presented. It is based on Neumann series of Bessel functions representations…
The attributes of Euler's constant Gamma have been a baffling problem to the world's mathematicians in the number theory field. In 1900, when German mathematician D. Hilbert addressed the 2nd International Congress of Mathematicians, he…
We prove an estimate for the number of lattice points lying in certain non-convex Euclidean domains of interest in Diophantine approximation. As an application, we generalise a result of Kruse (1964) concerning the almost sure order of…
In the Bayesian approach, the a priori knowledge about the input of a mathematical model is described via a probability measure. The joint distribution of the unknown input and the data is then conditioned, using Bayes' formula, giving rise…
Exact rational partitions are presented for Bernoulli and Euler numbers as novel sums involving Faulhaber and Sali\'e coefficients.
A recurrent formula is presented, for the enumeration of the compositions of positive integers as sums over multisets of positive integers, that closely resembles Euler's recurrence based on the pentagonal numbers, but where the…
In this note I give simple proofs of classical results of Euler, Legendre and Sylvester showing that for certain integers M there are no (or only a few) solutions of $x^3 + y^3 = M$, with $x$ and $y$ in $\mathbb{Q}$. The proofs all use a…
A long-standing conjecture states that every positive integer other than 15, 22, 23, 50, 114, 167, 175, 186, 212, 231, 238, 239, 303, 364, 420, 428, 454 is a sum of at most seven positive cubes. This was first observed by Jacobi in 1851 on…
A recursive algorithm is constructed which finds all solutions to a class of Diophantine equations connected to the problem of determining ordered n-tuples of positive integers satisfying the property that their sum is equal to their…
In difference algebra, summability arises as a basic problem upon which rests the effective solution of other more elaborate problems, such as creative telescoping problems and the computation of Galois groups of difference equations. In…
This is a translation of an article presented by Leonhard Euler on 18 March 1776 (Opera Omnia I-XVIII, pp. 265-290) and of summaries for it by Sim\'eon Denis Poisson in 1820 and by Heinrich Burkhardt in 1916. An appendix lists in modern…
Hailperin (1965) introduced a linear programming formulation to a difficult family of problems, originally proposed by Boole (1854,1868). Hailperin's model is computationally still difficult and involves an exponential number of variables…
The main features of the statistical approach to inverse problems are described on the example of a linear model with additive noise. The approach does not use any Bayesian hypothesis regarding an unknown object; instead, the standard…
Ballantine--Beck--Feigon--Maurischat introduced the subsum polynomial \[ \operatorname{sp}(\lambda,x):=\prod_i (1+x^{\lambda_i}) \] attached to an integer partition $\lambda$, and studied rational functions obtained by summing reciprocals…
In this note, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for determining which integers can be written as a sum of two integral squares for certain quadratic fields by using the integral Brauer-manin obstruction (see \cite{CTX}). The…
Inspired by the fact that the sum of the cubes of the first $n$ naturals is equal to the square of their sum, we explore, for each $n$, the Diophantine equation representing all non-trivial sets of $n$ integers with this property. We find…
Formulating a Schubert problem as the solutions to a system of equations in either Pl\"ucker space or in the local coordinates of a Schubert cell usually involves more equations than variables. Using reduction to the diagonal, we previously…
For integers $m$ and $n$, the Baumslag-Solitar groups, denoted as $BS(m,n)$, are groups generated by two elements with a single defining relation: $BS(m,n) = \langle a, b | a^mb=ba^n\rangle$. The sum of dilates, denoted as $r \cdot A + s…
A relevant result independently obtained by Rayleigh and Sneddon on an identity on series involving the zeros of Bessel functions of the first kind is derived by an alternative method based on Laplace transforms. Our method leads to a…
From the Rhind Papyrus and other extant sources, we know that the ancient Egyptians were very iterested in expressing a given fraction into a sum of unit fractions, that is fractions whose numerators are equal to 1. One of the problems that…