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We introduce a new method, rooted in estimation theory, to detect individual atoms in site-resolved images of microtrap arrays, such as optical lattices or optical tweezers arrays. Using labelled test images, we demonstrate drastic…

One of the great challenges of modern science is to faithfully model, and understand, matter at a wide range of scales. Starting with atoms, the vastness of the space of possible configurations poses a formidable challenge to any simulation…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-08-28 Sebastian E. Ahnert , William P. Grant , Chris J. Pickard

Experimentally obtained X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns can be difficult to solve, precluding the full characterization of materials, pharmaceuticals, and geological compounds. Herein, we propose a method based upon a multi-objective…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-07-09 Stefano Racioppi , Alberto Otero De la Roza , Samad Hajinazar , Eva Zurek

This paper proposes a simple method to distill and detect backdoor patterns within an image: \emph{Cognitive Distillation} (CD). The idea is to extract the "minimal essence" from an input image responsible for the model's prediction. CD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Hanxun Huang , Xingjun Ma , Sarah Erfani , James Bailey

We propose a mathematical description of crystal structure: underlying translational periodicity together with the distinct atomic positions up to the symmetry operations in the unit cell. It is consistent with the international table of…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-10-12 Mostafa Karami , Nobumichi Tamura , Yong Yang , Xian Chen

Image Segmentation is one of the core tasks in Computer Vision and solving it often depends on modeling the image appearance data via the color distributions of each it its constituent regions. Whereas many segmentation algorithms handle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Jeova Farias Sales Rocha Neto

This paper presents a new method for automatic quantification of ellipse-like cells in images, an important and challenging problem that has been studied by the computer vision community. The proposed method can be described by two main…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2012-01-17 Wesley Nunes Gonçalves , Odemir Martinez Bruno

This paper describes the first steps of development of a new multidimensional time implicit code devoted to the study of hydrodynamical processes in stellar interiors. The code solves the hydrodynamical equations in spherical geometry and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 M. Viallet , I. Baraffe , R. Walder

Analysis of microscope images is a tedious work which requires patience and time, usually done manually by the microscopist after data collection. Here we introduce an approach of automatic image analysis, which is based on locally applied…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-17 Benedykt R. Jany , Arkadiusz Janas , Franciszek Krok

Imaging techniques are essential tools for inquiring a number of properties from different materials. Liquid crystals are often investigated via optical and image processing methods. In spite of that, considerably less attention has been…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2019-01-30 H. Y. D. Sigaki , R. F. de Souza , R. T. de Souza , R. S. Zola , H. V. Ribeiro

Despite their black-box nature, deep learning models are extensively used in image-based drug discovery to extract feature vectors from single cells in microscopy images. To better understand how these networks perform representation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-27 Vivek Gopalakrishnan , Jingzhe Ma , Zhiyong Xie

Automation underpins progress across scientific and industrial disciplines. Yet, automating tasks requiring interpretation of abstract visual information remain challenging. For example, crystal alignment strongly relies on humans with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 J. Oppliger , M. Stifter , A. Rüegg , I. Biało , L. Martinelli , P. G. Freeman , D. Prabhakaran , J. Zhao , Q. Wang , J. Chang

We introduce a simple physical picture to explain the process of molecular sorting, whereby specific proteins are concentrated and distilled into submicrometric lipid vesicles in eukaryotic cells. To this purpose, we formulate a model based…

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) with molecule-functionalized tips has emerged as the primary experimental technique for probing the atomic structure of organic molecules on surfaces. Most experiments have been limited to nearly planar…

Optical properties of materials related to light absorption and scattering are explained by the excitation of electrons. The Bethe-Salpeter equation is the state-of-the-art approach to describe these processes from first principles (ab…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-21 Peter Benner , Carolin Penke

In this paper, we propose a new model to segment cells in phase contrast microscopy images. Cell images collected from the similar scenario share a similar background. Inspired by this, we separate cells from the background in images by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Lin Zhang

Field ion microscopy (FIM) allows to image individual surface atoms by exploiting the effect of an intense electric field. Widespread use of atomic resolution imaging by FIM has been hampered by a lack of efficient image processing/data…

Crystal structures are characterized by atomic bases within a primitive unit cell that repeats along a regular lattice throughout 3D space. The periodic and infinite nature of crystals poses unique challenges for geometric graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Keqiang Yan , Cong Fu , Xiaofeng Qian , Xiaoning Qian , Shuiwang Ji

A new procedure, designed to remove foreground stars from galaxy profiles is presented. Although several programs exist for stellar and faint object photometry, none of them treat star removal from the images very carefully. I present my…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Zsolt Frei

This work presents a new approach based on deep learning to automatically extract colormaps from visualizations. After summarizing colors in an input visualization image as a Lab color histogram, we pass the histogram to a pre-trained deep…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Lin-Ping Yuan , Wei Zeng , Siwei Fu , Zhiliang Zeng , Haotian Li , Chi-Wing Fu , Huamin Qu
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