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To understand the foundations of quantum mechanics, we have to think carefully about how theoretical concepts are rooted in -- and limited by -- the nature of experience, as Bohr attempted to show. Geometrical pictures of physical phenomena…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Doug Bilodeau

Quantum measurements of physical quantities are usually described as ideal measurements. However, only a few measurements fulfil the conditions of ideal measurements. The aim of the present work is to describe real position measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-17 Klaus Wick

Motivated by quantum resource theories, we introduce a notion of incompatibility for quantum measurements relative to a reference basis. The notion arises by considering states diagonal in that basis and investigating whether probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-21 Georgios Styliaris , Paolo Zanardi

The conceptual problems in quantum mechanics -- related to the collapse of the wave function, the particle-wave duality, the meaning of measurement -- arise from the need to ascribe particle character to the wave function. As will be shown,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Michael Danos , Tien D Kieu

This article presents a novel interpretation of quantum mechanics. It extends the meaning of ``measurement'' to include all property-indicating facts. Intrinsically space is undifferentiated: there are no points on which a world of locally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Ulrich Mohrhoff

A possible causal solution to the problem of providing a spacetime description of the transmission of signals in quantum entangled states is described using a `bimetric' spacetime structure, in which the quantum entanglement measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. W. Moffat

An attempt is made to formulate quantum mechanics (QM) in physical rather than in mathematical terms. It is argued that the appropriate conceptual framework for QM is "contextual objectivity", which includes an objective definition of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Philippe Grangier

The measurement postulate of quantum theory stands in conflict with the laws of thermodynamics and has evoked debate regarding what actually constitutes a measurement. With the help of modern quantum statistical mechanics, we take the first…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Emanuel Schwarzhans , Felix C. Binder , Marcus Huber , Maximilian P. E. Lock

Measurements play a crucial role in doing physics: Their results provide the basis on which we adopt or reject physical theories. In this note, we examine the effect of subjecting measurements themselves to our experience. We require that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-28 Arne Hansen , Stefan Wolf

Measurement uncertainty and experimental error are important concepts taught in undergraduate physics laboratories. Although student ideas about error and uncertainty in introductory classical mechanics lab experiments have been studied…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-09-20 Emily M. Stump , Courtney L. White , Gina Passante , N. G. Holmes

Quantum mechanics predicts the joint probability distribution of the outcomes of simultaneous measurements of commuting observables, but, in the state of the art, has lacked the operational definition of simultaneous measurements. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Masanao Ozawa

Quantum circuit complexity is a fundamental concept whose importance permeates quantum information, computation, many-body physics and high-energy physics. While extensively studied in closed systems, its characterization and behaviors in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Zhenyu Du , Zi-Wen Liu , Xiongfeng Ma

Applications of quantum mechanics have led to many successful predictions and explanations of puzzling phenomena, and we now apply quantum mechanics to gain, process, and communicate information in novel ways. We can understand quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Richard Healey

The notion coexistence of quantum observables was introduced to describe the possibility of measuring two or more observables together. Here we survey the various different formalisations of this notion and their connections. We review…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-04 P. Busch , J. Kiukas , P. Lahti

Even though measurement results obtained in the real world are generally both noisy and continuous, quantum measurement theory tends to emphasize the ideal limit of perfect precision and quantized measurement results. In this article, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 Holger F. Hofmann

Duality transformations within the quantum mechanics of a finite number of degrees of freedom can be regarded as the dependence of the notion of a quantum, i.e., an elementary excitation of the vacuum, on the observer on classical phase…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 J. M. Isidro

The basic physical problems that necessitated the emergence of quantum physics are summarized, along with the elements of wave mechanics and its traditional statistical interpretation. Alternative interpretations to the statistical one,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 David Delphenich

Quantum paradoxes show that the outcomes of different quantum measurements cannot be described by a single measurement-independent reality. Any theoretical description of a quantum measurement implies the selection of a specific measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Jonte R. Hance , Ming Ji , Tomonori Matsushita , Holger F. Hofmann

The behavior of a quantum system depends on how it is measured. How much of what is observed comes from the structure of the quantum system itself and how much from the observer's choice of measurement? We explore these questions by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Karoline Wiesner , James P. Crutchfield

Space-time is one of the most essential, yet most mysterious concepts in physics. In quantum mechanics it is common to understand time as a marker of instances of evolution and define states around all the space but at one time; while in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-01 Tian Zhang , Oscar Dahlsten , Vlatko Vedral