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Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) continuously interact with their physical environments through software controllers that observe the environments and determine actions. Engineers can verify to what extent the CPS under analysis can achieve…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Yong-Jun Shin , Donghwan Shin , Doo-Hwan Bae

Increased dependence on networked, software based control has escalated the vulnerabilities of Cyber Physical Systems (CPSs). Detection and monitoring components developed leveraging dynamical systems theory are often employed as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ipsita Koley , Sunandan Adhikary , Soumyajit Dey

Computer simulations and real-world car trials are essential to investigate the performance of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) networks. However, simulations are imperfect models of the physical reality and can be trusted only when they…

Performance · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Ioannis Mavromatis , Andrea Tassi , Robert J. Piechocki , Andrew Nix

Validating the behavior of autonomous Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents, which rely on automated controllers, is an objective of great importance. In recent years, Neural-Network (NN) controllers have been…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Khen Elimelech , Morteza Lahijanian , Lydia E. Kavraki , Moshe Y. Vardi

Within the virtual reality (VR) research community, there have been several efforts to develop questionnaires with the aim of better understanding the sense of presence. Despite having numerous surveys, the community does not have a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Jacob Belga , Richard Skarbez , Yahya Hmaiti , Eric J. Chen , Ryan P. McMahan , Joseph J. LaViola

The topic of provable deep neural network robustness has raised considerable interest in recent years. Most research has focused on adversarial robustness, which studies the robustness of perceptive models in the neighbourhood of particular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Julien Girard-Satabin , Guillaume Charpiat , Zakaria Chihani , Marc Schoenauer

In clinical applications, the utility of segmentation models is often based on the accuracy of derived downstream metrics such as organ size, rather than by the pixel-level accuracy of the segmentation masks themselves. Thus, uncertainty…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Matt Y. Cheung , Ashok Veeraraghavan , Guha Balakrishnan

Computer simulators are nowadays widely used to understand complex physical systems in many areas such as aerospace, renewable energy, climate modeling, and manufacturing. One fundamental issue in the study of computer simulators is known…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-05 Feng Yang , C. Devon Lin , Pritam Ranjan

The rapid evolution of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) across various domains like mobility systems, networked control systems, sustainable manufacturing, smart power grids, and the Internet of Things necessitates innovative solutions that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-25 Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Reliable reward models (RMs) are critical for ensuring the safe alignment of large language models (LLMs). However, current RM evaluation methods focus solely on preference perception accuracies in given specific scenarios, obscuring the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Jianxiang Zang , Yongda Wei , Ruxue Bai , Shiyu Jiang , Nijia Mo , Binhong Li , Qiang Sun , Hui Liu

Traditional model-based reinforcement learning approaches learn a model of the environment dynamics without explicitly considering how it will be used by the agent. In the presence of misspecified model classes, this can lead to poor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Pierluca D'Oro , Alberto Maria Metelli , Andrea Tirinzoni , Matteo Papini , Marcello Restelli

Visual scene understanding is a fundamental task in computer vision that aims to extract meaningful information from visual data. It traditionally involves disjoint and specialized algorithms for different tasks that are tailored for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Américo Pereira , Pedro Carvalho , Luís Côrte-Real

Simulation is a crucial step in ensuring accurate, efficient, and realistic Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) testing and validation. As the adoption of CAV accelerates, the integration of real-world data into simulation environments…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Junwei You , Pei Li , Yang Cheng , Keshu Wu , Rui Gan , Steven T. Parker , Bin Ran

Inference of physical parameters from reference data is a well studied problem with many intricacies (inconsistent sets of data due to experimental systematic errors, approximate physical models...). The complexity is further increased when…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2017-09-06 Pascal Pernot , Fabien Cailliez

Robotic applications involving people often require advanced perception systems to better understand complex real-world scenarios. To address this challenge, photo-realistic and physics simulators are gaining popularity as a means of…

Running agent-based models (ABMs) is a burdensome computational task, specially so when considering the flexibility ABMs intrinsically provide. This paper uses a bundle of model configuration parameters along with obtained results from a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Bernardo Alves Furtado

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) designed in simulators, often consisting of multiple interacting agents (e.g. in multi-agent formations), behave differently in the real-world. We want to verify these systems during runtime when they are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-09 Yiqi Zhao , Emily Zhu , Bardh Hoxha , Georgios Fainekos , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh , Lars Lindemann

Literature on the modeling and simulation of complex adaptive systems (cas) has primarily advanced vertically in different scientific domains with scientists developing a variety of domain-specific approaches and applications. However,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2017-08-09 Muaz A. Niazi

Existing tool-augmented agentic systems are limited in the real world by (i) black-box reasoning steps that undermine trust of decision-making and pose safety risks, (ii) poor multimodal integration, which is inherently critical for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yushi Feng , Junye Du , Yingying Hong , Qifan Wang , Lequan Yu

Modern software systems are built to be used in dynamic environments using configuration capabilities to adapt to changes and external uncertainties. In a self-adaptation context, we are often interested in reasoning about the performance…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Pooyan Jamshidi , Miguel Velez , Christian Kästner , Norbert Siegmund , Prasad Kawthekar