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Positive-Unlabeled (PU) learning tries to learn binary classifiers from a few labeled positive examples with many unlabeled ones. Compared with ordinary semi-supervised learning, this task is much more challenging due to the absence of any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Yunrui Zhao , Qianqian Xu , Yangbangyan Jiang , Peisong Wen , Qingming Huang

Through end-to-end training to predict the next token, LLMs have become valuable tools for various tasks. Enhancing their core training in language modeling can improve numerous downstream applications. A successful approach to enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Nathan Cornille , Florian Mai , Jingyuan Sun , Marie-Francine Moens

Deep regression networks are widely used to tackle the problem of predicting a continuous value for a given input. Task-specialized approaches for training regression networks have shown significant improvement over generic approaches, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Deval Shah , Tor M. Aamodt

Label learning is a fundamental task in machine learning that aims to construct intelligent models using labeled data, encompassing traditional single-label and multi-label classification models. Traditional methods typically rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Chenxi Luoa , Zhuangzhuang Zhaoa , Zhaohong Denga , Te Zhangb

Label smoothing is an effective regularization tool for deep neural networks (DNNs), which generates soft labels by applying a weighted average between the uniform distribution and the hard label. It is often used to reduce the overfitting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Chang-Bin Zhang , Peng-Tao Jiang , Qibin Hou , Yunchao Wei , Qi Han , Zhen Li , Ming-Ming Cheng

Label distribution learning (LDL) requires the learner to predict the degree of correlation between each sample and each label. To achieve this, a crucial task during learning is to leverage the correlation among labels. Deep Forest (DF) is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Jia-Le Xu , Shen-Huan Lyu , Yu-Nian Wang , Ning Chen , Zhihao Qu , Bin Tang , Baoliu Ye

Existing knowledge distillation methods typically work by imparting the knowledge of output logits or intermediate feature maps from the teacher network to the student network, which is very successful in multi-class single-label learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Penghui Yang , Ming-Kun Xie , Chen-Chen Zong , Lei Feng , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama , Sheng-Jun Huang

Learning from label proportions (LLP) is a weakly supervised classification problem where data points are grouped into bags, and the label proportions within each bag are observed instead of the instance-level labels. The task is to learn a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Jianxin Zhang , Yutong Wang , Clayton Scott

Multi-label charge prediction is a task to predict the corresponding accusations for legal cases, and recently becomes a hot topic. However, current studies use rough methods to deal with the label number. These methods manually set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-05 Duan Wei , Li Lin

The past decade has witnessed many great successes of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) applications in agricultural systems, including weed control, plant disease diagnosis, agricultural robotics, and precision livestock…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Jiajia Li , Dong Chen , Xinda Qi , Zhaojian Li , Yanbo Huang , Daniel Morris , Xiaobo Tan

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, which aims to distinguish unknown classes from known classes, has received increasing attention recently. A main challenge within is the unavailable of samples from the unknown classes in the training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Mingle Xu , Jaehwan Lee , Sook Yoon , Dong Sun Park

Multi-label classification is a widely encountered problem in daily life, where an instance can be associated with multiple classes. In theory, this is a supervised learning method that requires a large amount of labeling. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 XIn Zhang , Yuqi Song , Fei Zuo , Xiaofeng Wang

Partial label learning is a type of weakly supervised learning, where each training instance corresponds to a set of candidate labels, among which only one is true. In this paper, we introduce ProPaLL, a novel probabilistic approach to this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Łukasz Struski , Jacek Tabor , Bartosz Zieliński

Instance-dependent Partial Label Learning (ID-PLL) aims to learn a multi-class predictive model given training instances annotated with candidate labels related to features, among which correct labels are hidden fixed but unknown. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Congyu Qiao , Ning Xu , Yihao Hu , Xin Geng

Multi-label classification (MLC) is a supervised learning problem in which, contrary to standard multiclass classification, an instance can be associated with several class labels simultaneously. In this chapter, we advocate a rule-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Eneldo Loza Mencía , Johannes Fürnkranz , Eyke Hüllermeier , Michael Rapp

Partial-label learning (PLL) is an important branch of weakly supervised learning where the single ground truth resides in a set of candidate labels, while the research rarely considers the label imbalance. A recent study for imbalanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Mingyu Xu , Zheng Lian

Classification tasks are typically handled using Machine Learning (ML) models, which lack a balance between accuracy and interpretability. This paper introduces a new approach for classification tasks using Large Language Models (LLMs) in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Praneeth Vadlapati

As a prominent challenge in addressing real-world issues within a dynamic environment, label shift, which refers to the learning setting where the source (training) and target (testing) label distributions do not match, has recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Ruidong Fan , Xiao Ouyang , Hong Tao , Yuhua Qian , Chenping Hou

The current evaluation protocol of long-tailed visual recognition trains the classification model on the long-tailed source label distribution and evaluates its performance on the uniform target label distribution. Such protocol has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Youngkyu Hong , Seungju Han , Kwanghee Choi , Seokjun Seo , Beomsu Kim , Buru Chang

We propose to formulate multi-label learning as a estimation of class distribution in a non-linear embedding space, where for each label, its positive data embeddings and negative data embeddings distribute compactly to form a positive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Zhuo Yang , Yufei Han , Guoxian Yu , Qiang Yang , Xiangliang Zhang
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