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In this paper, we investigate the computational intelligibility of Boolean classifiers, characterized by their ability to answer XAI queries in polynomial time. The classifiers under consideration are decision trees, DNF formulae, decision…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Gilles Audemard , Steve Bellart , Louenas Bounia , Frédéric Koriche , Jean-Marie Lagniez , Pierre Marquis

Despite the progress observed with model-agnostic explainable AI (XAI), it is the case that model-agnostic XAI can produce incorrect explanations. One alternative are the so-called formal approaches to XAI, that include PI-explanations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Yacine Izza , Joao Marques-Silva

We present a novel logic-based concept called Space Explanations for classifying neural networks that gives provable guarantees of the behavior of the network in continuous areas of the input feature space. To automatically generate space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Faezeh Labbaf , Tomáš Kolárik , Martin Blicha , Grigory Fedyukovich , Michael Wand , Natasha Sharygina

The vast majority of research on explainability focuses on post-explainability rather than explainable modeling. Namely, an explanation model is derived to explain a complex black box model built with the sole purpose of achieving the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Gabriel Terejanu , Jawad Chowdhury , Rezaur Rashid , Asif Chowdhury

Explainable AI (XAI) is an active research area to interpret a neural network's decision by ensuring transparency and trust in the task-specified learned models. Recently, perturbation-based model analysis has shown better interpretation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Mahesh Sudhakar , Sam Sattarzadeh , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis , Jongseong Jang , Yeonjeong Jeong , Hyunwoo Kim

EXplainable AI (XAI) is an essential topic to improve human understanding of deep neural networks (DNNs) given their black-box internals. For computer vision tasks, mainstream pixel-based XAI methods explain DNN decisions by identifying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Ao Sun , Pingchuan Ma , Yuanyuan Yuan , Shuai Wang

Despite the effectiveness of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for image classification, our understanding of the relationship between shape of convolution kernels and learned representations is limited. In this work, we explore and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-30 Zhun Sun , Mete Ozay , Takayuki Okatani

High-level shape understanding and technique evaluation on large repositories of 3D shapes often benefit from additional information known about the shapes. One example of such information is the semantic segmentation of a shape into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-18 David George , Xianguha Xie , Yu-Kun Lai , Gary KL Tam

Concurrent to the rapid progress in the development of neural-network based models in areas like natural language processing and computer vision, the need for creating explanations for the predictions of these black-box models has risen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Marc Brinner , Sina Zarriess

These course notes are about computing modular forms and some of their arithmetic properties. Their aim is to explain and prove the modular symbols algorithm in as elementary and as explicit terms as possible, and to enable the devoted…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-14 Gabor Wiese

Implicit models, an emerging model class, compute outputs by iterating a single parameter block to a fixed point. This architecture realizes an infinite-depth, weight-tied network that trains with constant memory, significantly reducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Jialin Liu , Lisang Ding , Stanley Osher , Wotao Yin

Variable selection or importance measurement of input variables to a machine learning model has become the focus of much research. It is no longer enough to have a good model, one also must explain its decisions. This is why there are so…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Vincent Lemaire , Fabrice Clérot , Marc Boullé

This paper proposes a generic formulation that significantly expedites the training and deployment of image classification models, particularly under the scenarios of many image categories and high feature dimensions. As a defining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-03-15 Fumin Shen , Yadong Mu , Wei Liu , Yang Yang , Heng Tao Shen

Computational learning theory states that many classes of boolean formulas are learnable in polynomial time. This paper addresses the understudied subject of how, in practice, such formulas can be learned by deep neural networks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Marcio Nicolau , Anderson R. Tavares , Zhiwei Zhang , Pedro Avelar , João M. Flach , Luis C. Lamb , Moshe Y. Vardi

Consider a multi-class labelling problem, where the labels can take values in $[k]$, and a predictor predicts a distribution over the labels. In this work, we study the following foundational question: Are there notions of multi-class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Parikshit Gopalan , Lunjia Hu , Guy N. Rothblum

Hyperbox-based classification has been seen as a promising technique in which decisions on the data are represented as a series of orthogonal, multidimensional boxes (i.e., hyperboxes) that are often interpretable and human-readable.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Denis Mayr Lima Martins , Christian Lülf , Fabian Gieseke

The need for Explainable AI is increasing with the development of deep learning. The saliency maps derived from convolutional neural networks generally fail in localizing with accuracy the image features justifying the network prediction.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Alexandre Englebert , Olivier Cornu , Christophe De Vleeschouwer

The use of deep learning in computer vision tasks such as image classification has led to a rapid increase in the performance of such systems. Due to this substantial increment in the utility of these systems, the use of artificial…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-05 Vinay Jogani , Joy Purohit , Ishaan Shivhare , Seema C Shrawne

Data in tabular format is frequently occurring in real-world applications. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have recently been extended to effectively handle such data, allowing feature interactions to be captured through representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Amr Alkhatib , Sofiane Ennadir , Henrik Boström , Michalis Vazirgiannis

Multimodal pre-trained models, such as CLIP, are popular for zero-shot classification due to their open-vocabulary flexibility and high performance. However, vision-language models, which compute similarity scores between images and class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Mia Chiquier , Utkarsh Mall , Carl Vondrick