Related papers: Nelson's Logical Diagrams
Singular systems of linear forms were introduced by Khintchine in the 1920s, and it was shown by Dani in the 1980s that they are in one-to-one correspondence with certain divergent orbits of one- parameter diagonal groups on the space of…
The Carroll group was originally introduced by Levy-Leblond [1] by considering the limit of the Poincar\'e group as $c\to0$. In this paper an alternative definition, based on the geometric properties of a non-Minkowskian, non-Galilean but…
An alternative and combinatorial proof is given for a connection between a system of Hahn polynomials and identities for symmetric elements in the Heisenberg algebra, which was first observed by Bender, Mead, and Pinsky [Phys. Rev. Lett. 56…
Infinite generalizations of theorems in finite combinatorics were initiated by Erd\H{o}s due to his famous Erd\H{o}s-Menger conjecture (now known as the Aharoni-Berger theorem) that extends Menger's theorem to infinite graphs in a…
The feud between Robert Hooke and Isaac Newton has remained ongoing even after 300 years, over whether Newton should have acknowledged Hooke's influence on his graphical method of constructing planet orbits, the celebrated Proposition 1,…
In 1955, Paul Lorenzen is a mathematician who devotes all his research to foundations of mathematics, on a par with Hans Hermes, but his academic background is algebra in the tradition of Helmut Hasse and Wolfgang Krull. This shift from…
The linearizability of differential equations was first considered by Lie for scalar second order semi-linear ordinary differential equations. Since then there has been considerable work done on the algebraic classification of linearizable…
Nelson algebras are defined in [Diana Brignole and Ant\'onio Monteiro. Caract\'erisation des alg\`ebres de Nelson par des \'egalit\'es. {I}, {II}. Proc. Japan Acad., 43:279--283; 284--285, 1967.] in terms of the language $\langle…
The recent literature of astronomy and cosmology has included a good many suggestions for "who first recognized the expansion of the universe?" with cases having been made for Lemaitre, Lundmark, de Sitter, Slipher, Shapley, Friedmann,…
By the early 1960's advances in statistical physics had established the existence of universality classes for systems with second-order phase transitions and characterized these by critical exponents which are different to the classical…
The pentagram map on polygons in the projective plane was introduced by R. Schwartz in 1992 and is by now one of the most popular and classical discrete integrable systems. In the present paper we introduce and prove integrability of…
In 1967, Langlands conjectured a natural correspondence between automorphic representations and Galois representations, over number fields as well as over function fields. In 1983, Drinfeld discovered a geometric analog of the Langlands…
The Newton line and the associated theorems by Newton and Gauss for tetragons and quadrilaterals are closely linked to some other theorems of Euclidean geometry: a theorem by Bocher on the existence of a nine-point conic of a quadrangle, a…
This paper discusses a central theorem in birational geometry first proved by Eugenio Bertini in 1891. J.L. Coolidge described the main ideas behind Bertini's proof, but he attributed the theorem to Clebsch. He did so owing to a short note…
We develop linear discretization of complex analysis, originally introduced by R. Isaacs, J. Ferrand, R. Duffin, and C. Mercat. We prove convergence of discrete period matrices and discrete Abelian integrals to their continuous…
Lorenz equations were first presented in 1963 by Edward Lorenz, they depend on three real positive parameters. For some of these parameters which are called T-points, there are two heteroclinic orbits connecting the three singular points in…
The famous concyclicity theorem stated by John H. Conway is here reconsidered by means of a parametrisation of the associated triangular configuration with arbitrary triplets of real numbers ($\alpha$;$\beta$;$\gamma$). This theorem, thus…
In this paper we present a variety of statements that are in the spirit of the famous theorem of Pascal, often referred to as the Mystic Hexagon. We give explicit equations describing the conditions for $d+4$ points to lie on rational…
In 1979, James B.~Saxe published an extended summary on the complexity of the Distance Geometry Problem in the proceedings of the 17th Allerton Conference. Many of the proofs in his paper are sketches, and even the whole proofs do not have…
In 1954, Alston S. Householder published Principles of Numerical Analysis, one of the first modern treatments on matrix decomposition that favored a (block) LU decomposition-the factorization of a matrix into the product of lower and upper…