Related papers: Nelson's Logical Diagrams
Although logical consistency is desirable in scientific research, standard statistical hypothesis tests are typically logically inconsistent. In order to address this issue, previous work introduced agnostic hypothesis tests and proved that…
Giovanni Battista Benedetti (1530--1590) derived two constructions of ovals given their minor and major axes. These were published in 1585 and seem to be the first solution to this problem. Therefore, the generally accepted view that ``the…
For arbitrary $\beta > 0$, we use the orthogonal polynomials techniques developed by R. Killip and I. Nenciu to study certain linear statistics associated with the circular and Jacobi $\beta$ ensembles. We identify the distribution of these…
In the article we give an appreciation of Edward Nelson's multifaceted contribution to mathematics, and particularly to foundational theories of infinitesimals.
In this paper, we chronologically recount several situations that have contributed to the development and formalization of the objects known as imaginary or complex numbers. We will begin by introducing the earliest documented knowing for…
This is a gentle introduction to a general theory of universal polynomials associated to classification of map-germs, called Thom polynomials. The theory was originated by Ren\'e Thom in the 1950s and has since been evolved in various…
In this note we revive a transformation that was introduced by H. S. Wall and that establishes a one-to-one correspondence between continued fraction representations of Schur, Carath\'eodory, and Nevanlinna functions. This transformation…
In this paper, claims by Lemmens and Seidel in 1973 about equiangular sets of lines with angle $1/5$ are proved by carefully analyzing pillar decompositions, with the aid of the uniqueness of two-graphs on $276$ vertices. The Neumann…
Linear logic was conceived in 1987 by Girard and, in contrast to classical logic, restricts the usage of the structural inference rules of weakening and contraction. With this, atoms of the logic are no longer interpreted as truth, but as…
A class of algebras called down-up algebras was introduced by G. Benkart and T. Roby. We classify the finite dimensional simple modules over Noetherian down-up algebras and show that in some cases every finite dimensional module is…
This is an English translation from the Latin original of Leonhard Euler's ``Solutio facilior problematis Diophantei circa triangulum, in quo rectae ex angulis latera opposita bisecantes rationaliter exprimantur''. In this paper, Euler…
In 1994, P.-G. Becker and W. Bergweiler listed all the differentially algebraic solutions of three famous functional equations: the Schr{\"o}der's, B{\"o}ttcher's and Abel's equations. The proof of this theorem combines various domains of…
Quadratic algebras associated to graphs have been introduced by I. Gelfand, S. Gelfand, and Retakh in connection with decompositions of noncommutative polynomials. Here we show that, for each graph with rare triangular subgraphs, the…
We are interested in Poisson structures transverse to nilpotent adjoint orbits in a complex semi-simple Lie algebra, and we study their polynomial nature, introduced by R.Cushman and M.Roberts. Furthermore, in the case of sl(n), we…
The memoir Theorie der Parallellinien (1766) by Johann Heinrich Lambert is one of the founding texts of hyperbolic geometry, even though its author's aim was, like many of his pre-decessors', to prove that such a geometry does not exist. In…
We review attempts by Pascual Jordan and other researchers, most notably Lawrence Biedenharn to generalize quantum mechanics by passing from associative matrix or operator algebras to non-associative algebras. We start with Jordan's work…
The fundamental duality theories relating algebra and geometry that were discovered in the mid-20th century can also be applied to logic via its algebraization under categorical logic. They thereby result in known and new completeness…
A new linear mapping of the linear vector space (LVS) of the octonions is suggested as an approach to the co-ordinatization of space-time. This approach resolves some perplexing issues concerning the validity of certain pre-metric notions…
L-spaces were introduced by Ozsvath and Szabo using the Heegaard Floer Homology. In the quest for L-spaces we consider links of isolated complete intersection surface singularities. We show that if such a manifold is an L-space, then it is…
We consider an identity relating Fibonacci numbers to Pascal's triangle discovered by G. E. Andrews. Several authors provided proofs of this identity, all of them rather involved or else relying on sophisticated number theoretical…