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The control of far-from-equilibrium physical systems, including active materials, has emerged as an important area for the application of reinforcement learning (RL) strategies to derive control policies for physical systems. In active…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Dominik Schildknecht , Anastasia N. Popova , Jack Stellwagen , Matt Thomson

Systems for heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) of buildings are traditionally controlled by a rule-based approach. In order to reduce the energy consumption and the environmental impact of HVAC systems more advanced control…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Daniel Bayer , Marco Pruckner

A common setting of reinforcement learning (RL) is a Markov decision process (MDP) in which the environment is a stochastic discrete-time dynamical system. Whereas MDPs are suitable in such applications as video-games or puzzles, physical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Pavel Osinenko , Dmitrii Dobriborsci , Grigory Yaremenko , Georgiy Malaniya

Projecting climate change is a generalization problem: we extrapolate the recent past using physical models across past, present, and future climates. Current climate models require representations of processes that occur at scales smaller…

We present a computationally tractable framework for real-time predictive control of multi-chiller plants that involve both discrete and continuous control decisions coupled through nonlinear dynamics, resulting in a mixed-integer optimal…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Ján Boldocký , Cary Faulkner , Elad Michael , Martin Gulan , Aaron Tuor , Ján Drgoňa

We propose and analyze a real-time model predictive control (MPC) scheme that utilizes stored data to improve its performance by learning the value function online with stability guarantees. For linear and nonlinear systems, a learning…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-23 Lukas Schwenkel , Meriem Gharbi , Sebastian Trimpe , Christian Ebenbauer

Climate change will cause an increase in the frequency and severity of flood events, prompting the need for cohesive adaptation policymaking. Designing effective adaptation policies, however, depends on managing the uncertainty of long-term…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Miguel Costa , Arthur Vandervoort , Martin Drews , Karyn Morrissey , Francisco C. Pereira

Model-Based Reinforcement Learning (MBRL) has been widely studied for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) control in buildings. One of the critical challenges is the large amount of data required to effectively train neural…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-07 Xianzhong Ding , Zhiyu An , Arya Rathee , Wan Du

This paper focuses on the critical load restoration problem in distribution systems following major outages. To provide fast online response and optimal sequential decision-making support, a reinforcement learning (RL) based approach is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-30 Xiangyu Zhang , Abinet Tesfaye Eseye , Bernard Knueven , Weijia Liu , Matthew Reynolds , Wesley Jones

Model predictive control (MPC) has become the most widely used advanced control method in process industry. In many cases, forecasts of the disturbances are available, e.g., predicted renewable power generation based on weather forecast.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-08 Ryan McCloy , Lai Wei , Jie Bao

The aim of this work is to control the longitudinal position of an autonomous vehicle with an internal combustion engine. The powertrain has an inherent dead-time characteristic and constraints on physical states apply since the vehicle is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-15 André Kempf , Markus Herrmann-Wicklmayr , Steffen Müller

Model-free reinforcement learning (RL) is inherently a reactive method, operating under the assumption that it starts with no prior knowledge of the system and entirely depends on trial-and-error for learning. This approach faces several…

Power grid operation is becoming increasingly complex due to the rising integration of renewable energy sources and the need for more adaptive control strategies. Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach to power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-16 Erica van der Sar , Alessandro Zocca , Sandjai Bhulai

Buildings account for 40% of global energy consumption. A considerable portion of building energy consumption stems from heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), and thus implementing smart, energy-efficient HVAC systems has the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-05 Fredrik Hagström , Vikas Garg , Fabricio Oliveira

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is an optimal control algorithm with strong stability and robustness guarantees. Despite its popularity in robotics and industrial applications, the main challenge in deploying MPC is its high computation…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-31 Camilo Gonzalez , Houshyar Asadi , Lars Kooijman , Chee Peng Lim

Economic model predictive control has been proposed as a means for solving the unit loading and unit allocation problem in multi-chiller cooling plants. The adjective economic stems from the use of financial cost due to electricity…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-19 Manuel G. Satué , Manuel R. Arahal , Luis F. Acedo , Manuel G. Ortega

Reinforcement learning suffers from limitations in real practices primarily due to the number of required interactions with virtual environments. It results in a challenging problem because we are implausible to obtain a local optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Qizhen Wu , Kexin Liu , Lei Chen

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is the principal control technique used in industrial applications. Although it offers distinguishable qualities that make it ideal for industrial applications, it can be questioned its robustness regarding…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-03-16 Alberto Zenere , Mattia Zorzi

Energy management systems (EMS) have traditionally been implemented using rule-based control (RBC) and model predictive control (MPC) methods. However, recent research has explored the use of reinforcement learning (RL) as a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Julian Ruddick , Luis Ramirez Camargo , Muhammad Andy Putratama , Maarten Messagie , Thierry Coosemans

While climate models provide insights for climate decision-making, their use is constrained by significant computational and technical demands. Although machine learning (ML) emulators offer a way to bypass the high computational costs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Luca Schmidt , Nina Effenberger