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The success of any machine learning system depends critically on effective representations of data. In many cases, it is desirable that a representation scheme uncovers the parts-based, additive nature of the data. Of current representation…
The possibility of employing restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) for collaborative filtering has been known for about a decade. However, there has been hardly any work on this topic since 2007. This work revisits the application of RBM in…
The probability density function for the visible sector of a Riemann-Theta Boltzmann machine can be taken conditional on a subset of the visible units. We derive that the corresponding conditional density function is given by a…
A restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) is a generative neural-network model with many novel applications such as collaborative filtering and acoustic modeling. An RBM lacks the capacity to retain memory, making it inappropriate for dynamic…
A Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) is an unsupervised machine-learning bipartite graphical model that jointly learns a probability distribution over data and extracts their relevant statistical features. As such, RBM were recently…
We show that the visible sector probability density function of the Riemann-Theta Boltzmann machine corresponds to a gaussian mixture model consisting of an infinite number of component multi-variate gaussians. The weights of the mixture…
A general Boltzmann machine with continuous visible and discrete integer valued hidden states is introduced. Under mild assumptions about the connection matrices, the probability density function of the visible units can be solved for…
The restricted Boltzmann machine is a network of stochastic units with undirected interactions between pairs of visible and hidden units. This model was popularized as a building block of deep learning architectures and has continued to…
We are interested in exploring the possibility and benefits of structure learning for deep models. As the first step, this paper investigates the matter for Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs). We conduct the study with Replicated Softmax,…
Existing Score-Based Models (SBMs) can be categorized into constrained SBMs (CSBMs) or unconstrained SBMs (USBMs) according to their parameterization approaches. CSBMs model probability density functions as Boltzmann distributions, and…
This is a tutorial and survey paper on Boltzmann Machine (BM), Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), and Deep Belief Network (DBN). We start with the required background on probabilistic graphical models, Markov random field, Gibbs sampling,…
This paper describes a novel energy-based probabilistic distribution that represents complex-valued data and explains how to apply it to direct feature extraction from complex-valued spectra. The proposed model, the complex-valued…
A restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) is an undirected graphical model constructed for discrete or continuous random variables, with two layers, one hidden and one visible, and no conditional dependency within a layer. In recent years, RBMs…
Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) is an importan- t generative model modeling vectorial data. While applying an RBM in practice to images, the data have to be vec- torized. This results in high-dimensional data and valu- able spatial…
We derive relations between theoretical properties of restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs), popular machine learning models which form the building blocks of deep learning models, and several natural notions from discrete mathematics and…
The deep extension of the restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), known as the deep Boltzmann machine (DBM), is an expressive family of machine learning models which can serve as compact representations of complex probability distributions.…
Learning invariant representations is a critical task in computer vision. In this paper, we propose the Theta-Restricted Boltzmann Machine ({\theta}-RBM in short), which builds upon the original RBM formulation and injects the notion of…
Deep Boltzmann machines (DBMs), one of the first ``deep'' learning methods ever studied, are multi-layered probabilistic models governed by a pairwise energy function that describes the likelihood of all variables/nodes in the network. In…
We introduce Thurstonian Boltzmann Machines (TBM), a unified architecture that can naturally incorporate a wide range of data inputs at the same time. Our motivation rests in the Thurstonian view that many discrete data types can be…
Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM) and deep Boltzmann machines (DBM) are important models in machine learning, and recently found numerous applications in quantum many-body physics. We show that there are fundamental connections between…