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First-generation blockchains provide probabilistic finality: a block can be revoked, albeit the probability decreases as the block sinks deeper into the chain. Recent proposals revisited committee-based BFT consensus to provide…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Lăcrămioara Aştefanoaei , Pierre Chambart , Antonella Del Pozzo , Thibault Rieutord , Sara Tucci , Eugen Zălinescu

The consensus protocol is a critical component of distributed ledgers and blockchains. Achieving consensus over a decentralized network poses challenges to transaction finality and performance. Currently, the highest-performing consensus…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Pascal Berrang , Inês Cruz , Bruno França , Philipp von Styp-Rekowsky , Marvin Wissfeld

There is a resurgence of interest in Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) systems due to blockchains. However, leader-based BFT consensus protocols used by permissioned blockchains have limited scalability and robustness. To alleviate the leader…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Fangyu Gai , Jianyu Niu , Ivan Beschastnikh , Chen Feng , Sheng Wang

Modern blockchain systems operating in adversarial environments require robust consensus protocols that guarantee both safety and termination under network delay attacks. Tendermint, a widely adopted consensus protocol in consortium…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Zhixin Dong , Xian Xu , Yuhang Zeng , Mingchao Wan , Chunmiao Li

Vote-based blockchains construct a state machine replication (SMR) system among participating nodes, using Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) consensus protocols to transition from one state to another. Currently, they rely on either…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Yibin Xu , Jianhua Shao , Tijs Slaats , Boris Düdder , Yongluan Zhou

The growing interest in reliable multi-party applications has fostered widespread adoption of Byzantine Fault-Tolerant (BFT) consensus protocols. Existing BFT protocols need f more replicas than Paxos-style protocols to prevent equivocation…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Suyash Gupta , Sajjad Rahnama , Shubham Pandey , Natacha Crooks , Mohammad Sadoghi

The growing number of implementations of blockchain systems stands in stark contrast with still limited research on a systematic comparison of performance characteristics of these solutions. Such research is crucial for evaluating…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Bulat Nasrulin , Martijn De Vos , Georgy Ishmaev , Johan Pouwelse

Byzantine consensus is a critical component in many permissioned Blockchains and distributed ledgers. We propose a new paradigm for designing BFT protocols called DQBFT that addresses three major performance and scalability challenges that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Balaji Arun , Binoy Ravindran

The robustness of distributed systems is usually phrased in terms of the number of failures of certain types that they can withstand. However, these failure models are too crude to describe the different kinds of trust and expectations of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-12-11 Isaac C. Sheff , Robbert van Renesse , Andrew C. Myers

A large number of consensus algorithms have been proposed. However, the requirement of strict consistency limits their wide adoption, especially in high-performance required systems. In this paper, we propose a weak consensus algorithm that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Qin Wang , Rujia Li

Fault-tolerant consensus has been studied extensively in the literature, because it is one of the most important distributed primitives and has wide applications in practice. This paper surveys important results on fault-tolerant consensus…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-08-30 Lewis Tseng

In this paper, we present Raptr--a Byzantine fault-tolerant state machine replication (BFT SMR) protocol that combines strong robustness with high throughput, while attaining near-optimal theoretical latency. Raptr delivers exceptionally…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Andrei Tonkikh , Balaji Arun , Zhuolun Xiang , Zekun Li , Alexander Spiegelman

The recent surge in federated data management applications has brought forth concerns about the security of underlying data and the consistency of replicas in the presence of malicious attacks. A prominent solution in this direction is to…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Sajjad Rahnama , Suyash Gupta , Rohan Sogani , Dhruv Krishnan , Mohammad Sadoghi

The increasing application and deployment of blockchain in various services necessitates the assurance of the effectiveness of PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance) consensus service. However, the performance of PBFT consensus service…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yujing Cai , Yukun Meng , Weimeng Wang , Xuanming Zhang , Xiaolin Chang

Distributed algorithms solving agreement problems like consensus or state machine replication are essential components of modern fault-tolerant distributed services. They are also notoriously hard to understand and reason about. Their…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Berk Cirisci , Constantin Enea , Suha Orhun Mutluergil

Byzantine-Fault-Tolerant (BFT) systems are rapidly emerging as a viable technology for production-grade systems, notably in closed consortia deployments for nancial and supply-chain applications. Unfortunately, most algorithms proposed so…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Loïck Bonniot , Christoph Neumann , François Taïani

Tetris is an Asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerance consensus algorithm designed for next generation high-throughput permission and permissionless blockchain. The core concept of Tetris is derived from Reasoning About Knowledge, which we…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Jiajun Xu , Sam Huang

Blockchain technology has advanced rapidly in recent years and is now widely used in a variety of fields. Blockchain appears to be one of the best solutions for managing massive heterogeneous devices while achieving advanced data security…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Xu Yuan , Fang Luo , Muhammad Zeeshan Haider , Zhikui Chen , Yucheng Li

Byzantine fault tolerant (BFT) state machine replication (SMR) is an important building block for constructing permissioned blockchain systems. In contrast to Nakamoto Consensus where any block obtains higher assurance as buried deeper in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Zhuolun Xiang , Dahlia Malkhi , Kartik Nayak , Ling Ren

In Tendermint blockchains, the proof-of-stake mechanism and the underlying consensus algorithm entail a dynamic fault model that implies that the active validators (nodes that sign blocks) may change over time, and a quorum of these…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Sean Braithwaite , Ethan Buchman , Ismail Khoffi , Igor Konnov , Zarko Milosevic , Romain Ruetschi , Josef Widder