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Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are ubiquitously found at the centers of most galaxies. Measuring SMBH mass is important for understanding the origin and evolution of SMBHs. However, traditional methods require spectral data which is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-12-02 Joshua Yao-Yu Lin , Sneh Pandya , Devanshi Pratap , Xin Liu , Matias Carrasco Kind

I review the current status of quasar black hole (BH) mass estimations. Spectroscopic methods have been developed to estimate BH mass in broad line quasars to an accuracy of ~0.5 dex. Despite their popularity, significant issues and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-02-13 Yue Shen

There is overwhelming evidence for the presence of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the centers of most nearby galaxies. The mass estimates for these remnant black holes from the stellar kinematics of local galaxies and the quasar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 Priyamvada Natarajan

We present the results of new infrared spectroscopic observations of 37 quasars at z~3, selected based on the optical r'-band magnitude and the availability of nearby bright stars for future imaging follow-up with Adaptive Optics system.…

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are ubiquitously found at the centers of most massive galaxies. Measuring SMBH mass is important for understanding the origin and evolution of SMBHs. However, traditional methods require spectroscopic data…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-04-23 Joshua Yao-Yu Lin , Sneh Pandya , Devanshi Pratap , Xin Liu , Matias Carrasco Kind , Volodymyr Kindratenko

The different methods of determination of black holes (BHs) masses are presented for three classes of BHs observed in the Universe: stellar mass BHs, intermediate mass BHs (IMBHs) and supermassive BHs (SBHs). The results of these…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-08-05 Janusz Ziolkowski

Much progress has been made in measuring black hole (BH) masses in (non-active) galactic nuclei using the tight correlation between stellar velocity dispersions (sigma) in galaxies and the mass of their central BH. The use of this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Gabriela Canalizo , Margrethe Wold , Mariana Lazarova , Mark Lacy

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) with masses below ($2 \times 10^5 M_{\odot}$) are pivotal in understanding the origin and growth mechanisms of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei. This study focuses on the search and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-10-03 V. Goradzhanov , I. Chilingarian , M. Demianenko , I. Katkov , K. Grishin , V. Toptun , E. Rubtsov , D. Gasymov , I. Kuzmin

We present our determination of the nuclear supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass function for spiral galaxies in the Local Universe, established from a volume-limited sample consisting of a statistically complete collection of the brightest…

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) reside at the center of every massive galaxy in the local Universe with masses that closely correlate with observations of their host galaxy implying a connected evolutionary history. The population of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-06-06 Joseph Simon

(Abridged) The repeated discovery of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at the centers of galactic bulges, and the discovery of relations between the SMBH mass (M) and the properties of these bulges, has been fundamental in directing our…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 D. Batcheldor , A. M. Koekemoer

Recent studies suggest that numerous intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) may wander undetected across the Universe, emitting little radiation. These IMBHs largely preserve their birth masses, offering critical insights into the formation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-21 Zihao Wu , Luis C. Ho

We investigate the abundance of Super-Massive Black Hole (SMBH) seeds in primordial galaxy halos. We explore the assumption that dark matter halos outgrowing a critical halo mass M_c have some probability p of having spawned a SMBH seed.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-04-03 Johannes Buchner , Ezequiel Treister , Franz E. Bauer , Lia F. Sartori , Kevin Schawinski

We investigate the time-dependent variations of ultraviolet (UV) black hole mass estimates of quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). From SDSS spectra of 615 high-redshift (1.69 < z < 4.75) quasars with spectra from two epochs, we…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 B. C. Wilhite , R. J. Brunner , D. P. Schneider , D. E. Vanden Berk

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are found in the centers of massive galaxies, and galaxy mergers should eventually lead to SMBH mergers. Quasar activity has long been associated with galaxy mergers, so here we investigate if supermassive…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-16 J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Jenny E. Greene , Andy D. Goulding , Siyuan Chen , Jonathan R. Trump

Supermassive black hole (SMBH) binary systems are unavoidable outcomes of galaxy mergers. Their dynamics encode information about their formation and growth, the composition of their host galactic nuclei, the evolution of galaxies, and the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-17 Hanxi Wang , Miguel Zumalacárregui , Bence Kocsis

We compile black hole (BH) masses for $\sim 60,000$ quasars in the redshift range $0.1 \lesssim z \lesssim 4.5$ included in the Fifth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), using virial BH mass estimators based on the \hbeta,…

The correlation between the mass of supermassive black holes (SMBHs; $\mathcal{M}_{\rm BH}$) and their host galaxies ($\mathcal{M}_\star$) in the reionization epoch provides valuable constraints on their early growth. High-redshift quasars…

We describe the general problem of estimating black hole masses of AGN by calculating the conditional probability distribution of M_BH given some set of observables. Special attention is given to the case where one uses the AGN continuum…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Brandon C. Kelly , Jill Bechtold

An empirically motivated model is presented for accretion-dominated growth of the super massive black holes (SMBH) in galaxies, and the implications are studied for the evolution of the quasar population in the universe. We investigate the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Asim Mahmood , Julien E. G. Devriendt , Joseph Silk
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