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Accounts of human language processing have long appealed to implicit ``situation models'' that enrich comprehension with relevant but unstated world knowledge. Here, we apply causal intervention techniques to recent transformer models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Takateru Yamakoshi , James L. McClelland , Adele E. Goldberg , Robert D. Hawkins

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) has achieved remarkable success, but its performance can degrade when fine-tuned in out-of-distribution (OOD) scenarios. We model the prediction process using a Structural Causal Model (SCM) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Zeen Song , Siyu Zhao , Xingyu Zhang , Jiangmeng Li , Changwen Zheng , Wenwen Qiang

Sound event detection (SED) aims to detect when and recognize what sound events happen in an audio clip. Many supervised SED algorithms rely on strongly labelled data which contains the onset and offset annotations of sound events. However,…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Qiuqiang Kong , Yong Xu , Iwona Sobieraj , Wenwu Wang , Mark D. Plumbley

Acoustic Scene Classification (ASC) and Sound Event Detection (SED) are two separate tasks in the field of computational sound scene analysis. In this work, we present a new dataset with both sound scene and sound event labels and use this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-02 Helen L. Bear , Ines Nolasco , Emmanouil Benetos

Audio-visual representation learning is an important task from the perspective of designing machines with the ability to understand complex events. To this end, we propose a novel multimodal framework that instantiates multiple instance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Sanjeel Parekh , Slim Essid , Alexey Ozerov , Ngoc Q. K. Duong , Patrick Pérez , Gaël Richard

Weakly labelled audio tagging aims to predict the classes of sound events within an audio clip, where the onset and offset times of the sound events are not provided. Previous works have used the multiple instance learning (MIL) framework,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-04 Helin Wang , Yuexian Zou , Wenwu Wang

In this paper, we propose addressing the lack of strongly labeled data by using pseudo strongly labeled data approximated using Convolutive Nonnegative Matrix Factorization. Using this set of data, we then train a novel architecture called…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-03 Teck Kai Chan , Cheng Siong Chin

Sound event detection (SED) methods typically rely on either strongly labelled data or weakly labelled data. As an alternative, sequentially labelled data (SLD) was proposed. In SLD, the events and the order of events in audio clips are…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Yuanbo Hou , Qiuqiang Kong , Shengchen Li , Mark D. Plumbley

We tackle the task of video moment retrieval (VMR), which aims to localize a specific moment in a video according to a textual query. Existing methods primarily model the matching relationship between query and moment by complex cross-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Xun Yang , Fuli Feng , Wei Ji , Meng Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Many applications involve detecting and localizing specific sound events within long, untrimmed documents, including keyword spotting, medical observation, and bioacoustic monitoring for conservation. Deep learning techniques often set the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-27 Piper Wolters , Logan Sizemore , Chris Daw , Brian Hutchinson , Lauren Phillips

Multi-modal learning, particularly among imaging and linguistic modalities, has made amazing strides in many high-level fundamental visual understanding problems, ranging from language grounding to dense event captioning. However, much of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Tanzila Rahman , Bicheng Xu , Leonid Sigal

This paper describes that semi-supervised learning called peer collaborative learning (PCL) can be applied to the polyphonic sound event detection (PSED) task, which is one of the tasks in the Detection and Classification of Acoustic Scenes…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-31 Hayato Endo , Hiromitsu Nishizaki

Image-level weakly supervised semantic segmentation is a challenging task that has been deeply studied in recent years. Most of the common solutions exploit class activation map (CAM) to locate object regions. However, such response maps…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Yukun Su , Jingliang Deng , Zonghan Li

Video anomaly detection under weak supervision presents significant challenges, particularly due to the lack of frame-level annotations during training. While prior research has utilized graph convolution networks and self-attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Yujiang Pu , Xiaoyu Wu , Lulu Yang , Shengjin Wang

This study addresses the speech enhancement (SE) task within the causal inference paradigm by modeling the noise presence as an intervention. Based on the potential outcome framework, the proposed causal inference-based speech enhancement…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-03 Tsun-An Hsieh , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Pin-Yu Chen , Sabato Marco Siniscalchi , Yu Tsao

Weakly supervised object detection (WSOD) aims to classify and locate objects with only image-level supervision. Many WSOD approaches adopt multiple instance learning as the initial model, which is prone to converge to the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Wenlong Gao , Ying Chen , Yong Peng

Sound Event Localization and Detection refers to the problem of identifying the presence of independent or temporally-overlapped sound sources, correctly identifying to which sound class it belongs, estimating their spatial directions while…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-02 Francesca Ronchini , Daniel Arteaga , Andrés Pérez-López

Event cameras excel in capturing high-contrast scenes and dynamic objects, offering a significant advantage over traditional frame-based cameras. Despite active research into leveraging event cameras for semantic segmentation, generating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Hoonhee Cho , Sung-Hoon Yoon , Hyeokjun Kweon , Kuk-Jin Yoon

Recent weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) methods strive to incorporate contextual knowledge to improve the completeness of class activation maps (CAM). In this work, we argue that the knowledge bias between instances and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Feilong Tang , Zhongxing Xu , Zhaojun Qu , Wei Feng , Xingjian Jiang , Zongyuan Ge

Semantic segmentation is a core computer vision problem, but the high costs of data annotation have hindered its wide application. Weakly-Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS) offers a cost-efficient workaround to extensive labeling in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Elham Ravanbakhsh , Cheng Niu , Yongqing Liang , J. Ramanujam , Xin Li