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In this paper, we propose a new method to enhance compositional understanding in pre-trained vision and language models (VLMs) without sacrificing performance in zero-shot multi-modal tasks. Traditional fine-tuning approaches often improve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Youngtaek Oh , Jae Won Cho , Dong-Jin Kim , In So Kweon , Junmo Kim

Recent advances in audio-visual learning have shown promising results in learning representations across modalities. However, most approaches rely on global audio representations that fail to capture fine-grained temporal correspondences…

Noisy images are a challenge to image compression algorithms due to the inherent difficulty of compressing noise. As noise cannot easily be discerned from image details, such as high-frequency signals, its presence leads to extra bits…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-09 Yuxin Xie , Li Yu , Farhad Pakdaman , Moncef Gabbouj

Omnimodal large language models (Omni-LLMs) show strong capability in audio-video understanding, but their practical deployment remains limited by high inference cost of long video streams and dense audio sequences. Despite recent progress,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yuchen Deng , Zidang Cai , Hai-Tao Zheng , Jie Wang , Feidiao Yang , Yuxing Han

Cross-modal alignment aims to map heterogeneous modalities into a shared latent space, as exemplified by models like CLIP, which benefit from large-scale image-text pretraining for strong recognition capabilities. However, when operating in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jiaxiang Liu , Yuan Wang , Jiawei Du , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Mingkun Xu , Zuozhu Liu

Fine-grained visual classification is a challenging task that recognizes the sub-classes belonging to the same meta-class. Large inter-class similarity and intra-class variance is the main challenge of this task. Most exiting methods try to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Dongliang Chang , Yixiao Zheng , Zhanyu Ma , Ruoyi Du , Kongming Liang

Multimodal learning has increasingly become a focal point in research, primarily due to its ability to integrate complementary information from diverse modalities. Nevertheless, modality imbalance, stemming from factors such as insufficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Rongrong Xie , Guido Sanguinetti

Recent unified multi-modal encoders align a wide range of modalities into a shared representation space, enabling diverse cross-modal tasks. Despite their impressive capabilities, the robustness of these models under adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Chih-Ting Liao , Zhangquan Chen , Chunlei Meng , Tzu-Yu Huang , Xin Cao , Xu Zheng

Advances in computer vision and deep learning have blurred the line between deepfakes and authentic media, undermining multimedia credibility through audio-visual forgery. Current multimodal detection methods remain limited by unbalanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zihan Xiong , Xiaohua Wu , Lei Chen , Fangqi Lou

Many recommender models have been proposed to investigate how to incorporate multimodal content information into traditional collaborative filtering framework effectively. The use of multimodal information is expected to provide more…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Jinghao Zhang , Guofan Liu , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang

This work focuses on learning useful and robust deep world models using multiple, possibly unreliable, sensors. We find that current methods do not sufficiently encourage a shared representation between modalities; this can cause poor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Kaiqi Chen , Yong Lee , Harold Soh

Audio-text retrieval enables semantic alignment between audio content and natural language queries, supporting applications in multimedia search, accessibility, and surveillance. However, current state-of-the-art approaches struggle with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Meizhu Liu , Matthew Rowe , Amit Agarwal , Michael Avendi , Yassi Abbasi , Hitesh Laxmichand Patel , Paul Li , Kyu J. Han , Tao Sheng , Sujith Ravi , Dan Roth

Motion retrieval is crucial for motion acquisition, offering superior precision, realism, controllability, and editability compared to motion generation. Existing approaches leverage contrastive learning to construct a unified embedding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Shiyao Yu , Zi-An Wang , Kangning Yin , Zheng Tian , Mingyuan Zhang , Weixin Si , Shihao Zou

Multimodal learning (MML) is significantly constrained by modality imbalance, leading to suboptimal performance in practice. While existing approaches primarily focus on balancing the learning of different modalities to address this issue,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 QingYuan Jiang , Longfei Huang , Yang Yang

We aim to develop a fundamental understanding of modality collapse, a recently observed empirical phenomenon wherein models trained for multimodal fusion tend to rely only on a subset of the modalities, ignoring the rest. We show that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Abhra Chaudhuri , Anjan Dutta , Tu Bui , Serban Georgescu

Multimodal learning faces two major challenges: modality imbalance and data noise, which significantly affect the robustness and generalization ability of models. Existing methods achieve modality balance by suppressing dominant modalities,…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Zijing Xu , Yunfeng Kou , Kunming Wu , Hong Liu

Key for solving fine-grained image categorization is finding discriminate and local regions that correspond to subtle visual traits. Great strides have been made, with complex networks designed specifically to learn part-level discriminate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Dongliang Chang , Yifeng Ding , Jiyang Xie , Ayan Kumar Bhunia , Xiaoxu Li , Zhanyu Ma , Ming Wu , Jun Guo , Yi-Zhe Song

Contrastive loss has been increasingly used in learning representations from multiple modalities. In the limit, the nature of the contrastive loss encourages modalities to exactly match each other in the latent space. Yet it remains an open…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Qian Jiang , Changyou Chen , Han Zhao , Liqun Chen , Qing Ping , Son Dinh Tran , Yi Xu , Belinda Zeng , Trishul Chilimbi

One of the main challenges of multimodal learning is the need to combine heterogeneous modalities (e.g., video, audio, text). For example, video and audio are obtained at much higher rates than text and are roughly aligned in time. They are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-05 AJ Piergiovanni , Isaac Noble , Dahun Kim , Michael S. Ryoo , Victor Gomes , Anelia Angelova

Multi-modal learning is a fast growing area in artificial intelligence. It tries to help machines understand complex things by combining information from different sources, like images, text, and audio. By using the strengths of each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Qihang Jin , Enze Ge , Yuhang Xie , Hongying Luo , Junhao Song , Ziqian Bi , Chia Xin Liang , Jibin Guan , Joe Yeong , Xinyuan Song , Junfeng Hao