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A graph is (m, k)-colourable if its vertices can be coloured with m colours such that the maximum degree of any subgraph induced on ver- tices receiving the same colour is at most k. The k-defective chromatic number for a graph is the least…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-01-20 Nirmala Achuthan , N. R. Achuthan , G. Keady

It was conjectured by the third author in about 1973 that every $d$-regular planar graph (possibly with parallel edges) can be $d$-edge-coloured, provided that for every odd set $X$ of vertices, there are at least $d$ edges between $X$ and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-09-07 Maria Chudnovsky , Katherine Edwards , Paul Seymour

We consider cell colorings of drawings of graphs in the plane. Given a multi-graph $G$ together with a drawing $\Gamma(G)$ in the plane with only finitely many crossings, we define a cell $k$-coloring of $\Gamma(G)$ to be a coloring of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-30 Christoph Hertrich , Felix Schröder , Raphael Steiner

It is known that every loopless cubic graph is 4-edge choosable. We prove the following strengthened result. Let G be a planar cubic graph having b cut-edges. There exists a set F of at most 5b/2 edges of G with the following property. For…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-31 Luis Goddyn , Andrea Spencer

it is shown that each triangle-free 1-planar graph with maximum degree $\Delta\geq7$ can be $\Delta$-colorable by Discharging Method.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-12-30 Xin Zhang , Guizhen Liu , Jian-Liang Wu

A cover of a graph $G$ is a graph $H$ with vertex set $V(H) = \bigcup_{v \in V(G)} L_{v}$, where $L_{v} = \{v\} \times [s]$, and the edge set $M = \bigcup_{uv \in E(G)} M_{uv}$, where $M_{uv}$ is a matching between $L_{u}$ and $L_{v}$. A…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-26 Huihui Fang , Danjun Huang , Tao Wang , Weifan Wang

For a positive integer $k$, the $k$-recolouring graph of a graph $G$ has as vertex set all proper $k$-colourings of $G$ with two $k$-colourings being adjacent if they differ by the colour of exactly one vertex. A result of Dyer et al.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-02 Valentin Bartier , Nicolas Bousquet , Carl Feghali , Marc Heinrich , Benjamin Moore , Théo Pierron

A graph where each vertex $v$ has a list $L(v)$ of available colors is $L$-colorable if there is a proper coloring such that the color of $v$ is in $L(v)$ for each $v$. A graph is $k$-choosable if every assignment $L$ of at least $k$ colors…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Ilkyoo Choi , Felix Christian Clemen , Michael Ferrara , Paul Horn , Fuhong Ma , Tomáš Masařík

Let $G$ be a planar graph with no two 3-cycles sharing an edge. We show that if $\Delta(G)\geq 9$, then $\chi'_l(G) = \Delta(G)$ and $\chi''_l(G)=\Delta(G)+1.$ We also show that if $\Delta(G)\geq 6$, then $\chi'_l(G)\leq\Delta(G)+1$ and if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-12 Daniel W. Cranston

Neumann-Lara conjectured in 1985 that every planar digraph with digirth at least three is 2-colourable, meaning that the vertices can be 2-coloured without creating any monochromatic directed cycles. We prove a relaxed version of this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-21 Zhentao Li , Bojan Mohar

For $k\geq 1$, a $k$-colouring $c$ of $G$ is a mapping from $V(G)$ to $\{1,2,\ldots,k\}$ such that $c(u)\neq c(v)$ for any two non-adjacent vertices $u$ and $v$. The $k$-Colouring problem is to decide if a graph $G$ has a $k$-colouring. For…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-21 Barnaby Martin , Daniel Paulusma , Siani Smith

Since planar triangle-free graphs are 3-colourable, such a graph with n vertices has an independent set of size at least n/3. We prove that unless the graph contains a certain obstruction, its independence number is at least n/(3-epsilon)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-10 Zdeněk Dvořák , Jordan Venters

A proper conflict-free coloring of a graph is a proper vertex coloring wherein each non-isolated vertex's open neighborhood contains at least one color appearing exactly once. For a non-negative integer $k$, a graph $G$ is said to be proper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Yuting Wang , Xin Zhang

An $acyclic$ edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring such that there are no bichromatic cycles. The \emph{acyclic chromatic index} of a graph is the minimum number k such that there is an acyclic edge coloring using k colors and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2010-07-15 Manu Basavaraju , L. Sunil Chandran

Let $G$ be an edge-colored graph, a walk in $G$ is said to be a properly colored walk iff each pair of consecutive edges have different colors, including the first and the last edges in case that the walk be closed. Let $H$ be a graph…

Total coloring is a variant of edge coloring where both vertices and edges are to be colored. A graph is totally $k$-choosable if for any list assignment of $k$ colors to each vertex and each edge, we can extract a proper total coloring. In…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Marthe Bonamy , Théo Pierron , Éric Sopena

We prove a conjecture of Dvo\v{r}\'ak, Kr\'al, Nejedl\'y, and \v{S}krekovski that planar graphs of girth at least five are square $(\Delta+2)$-colorable for large enough $\Delta$. In fact, we prove the stronger statement that such graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-18 Marthe Bonamy , Daniel W. Cranston , Luke Postle

In this paper we have given a unified graph coloring algorithm for planar graphs. The problems that have been considered in this context respectively, are vertex, edge, total and entire colorings of the planar graphs. The main tool in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-11-27 I. Cahit

The Cyclic Coloring Conjecture asserts that the vertices of every plane graph with maximum face size D can be colored using at most 3D/2 colors in such a way that no face is incident with two vertices of the same color. The Cyclic Coloring…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-02-08 Michael Hebdige , Daniel Kral

An acyclic edge coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper edge coloring such that no bichromatic cycles are produced. The acyclic chromatic index $a'(G)$ of $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ such that $G$ has an acyclic edge coloring using $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-09-13 Wang Weifan , Shu Qiaojun , Wang Yiqiao