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State-of-the-art physics experiments require high-resolution, low-noise, and low-threshold detectors to achieve competitive scientific results. However, experimental environments invariably introduce sources of noise, such as electrical…
We discuss the design, fabrication, and testing of prototype horn-coupled, lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors (LEKIDs) designed for cosmic microwave background (CMB) studies. The LEKIDs are made from a thin aluminum film deposited…
The effect of interface scattering on the performance of disordered, nanocomposite thermoelectric materials is studied theoretically using effective medium theory and direct numerics. The interfacial electronic and phonon scattering…
The recent discovery of superconductivity at moderately high temperature (26 K to 55 K) in doped iron-based pnictides (LnO_{1-x}F_xFeAs, where Ln = La, Ce, Sm, Pr, Nd, etc.), having layered-structure-like cuprates, has triggered renewed…
Accurate in situ calibration of microwave attenuation and amplification-chain noise is essential for superconducting quantum circuits. We demonstrate a compact, self-calibrating cryogenic noise source based on an on-chip chromium attenuator…
In accelerator-based experiments, detector arrays constructed from organic plastic scintillators are widely used for measurements of particle timing, hit position, and energy loss. These detectors are often operated in proximity to magnetic…
Recent discoveries of materials with ultra-low thermal conductivity open a pathway to significant developments in the field of thermoelectricity. Here, we conduct a comparative study of three chemically similar antimonides to establish the…
Most conventional magnetic materials used in the electronic devices are ferrites, which are composed of micrometer-size grains. But ferrites have small saturation magnetization, therefore the performance at GHz frequencies is rather poor.…
Magnetic materials, both hard and soft, are used extensively in several components of particle accelerators. Magnetically soft iron-nickel alloys are used as shields for the vacuum chambers of accelerator injection and extraction septa;…
Capacitive devices are customarily used as probes to measure the level of noble liquids in detectors operated for neutrino studies and dark matter searches. In this work we describe the use of a high-temperature superconducting material as…
The Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers Phase II (CRESST-II) at the L.N.G.S in Italy is searching for Dark Matter using low-temperature calorimeters. These detectors allow to discriminate different particles by…
The operation of a typical common emitter amplifier, including negative feedback, is studied taking into account the non-linearity characteristic of real-world transistors. This has been accomplished by employing a recently proposed Early…
A superconductor with a gap in the density of states or a quantum dot with discrete energy levels is a central building block in realizing an electronic on-chip cooler. They can work as energy filters, allowing only hot quasiparticles to…
Ion implantation of Fe and Mn into Al thin films was used for effective modification of Al superconductive properties. Critical temperature of the transition to superconducting state was found to decrease gradually with implanted Fe…
The fundamental limits of the microwave noise performance of high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) are of scientific and practical interest for applications in radio astronomy and quantum computing. Self-heating at cryogenic…
The authors report on synthesis and thermal properties of the electrically-conductive thermal interface materials with the hybrid graphene-metal particle fillers. The thermal conductivity of resulting composites was increased by ~500% in a…
Large arrays of cryogenic detectors, including transition-edge sensors (TESs) or magnetic micro-calorimeters (MMCs), are needed for future experiments across a wide range of applications. Complexities in integration and cryogenic wiring…
Nanostructured materials have emerged as an alternative to enhance the figure of merit (ZT) of thermoelectric (TE) devices. Graphene exhibits a high electrical conductivity (in-plane) that is necessary for a high ZT; however, this effect is…
We explore solid electrolytes for electrostatic gating using field-effect transistors (FETs) in which thin WSe$_2$ crystals are exfoliated and transferred onto a lithium-ion conducting glass ceramic substrate. For negative gate voltages…
We present a technique for increasing the internal quality factor of kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs) by nulling ambient magnetic fields with a properly applied magnetic field. The KIDs used in this study are made from thin-film…