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A reduced-rank mixed effects model is developed for robust modeling of sparsely observed paired functional data. In this model, the curves for each functional variable are summarized using a few functional principal components, and the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-08 Huiya Zhou , Xiaomeng Yan , Lan Zhou

Within the framework of functional data analysis, we develop principal component analysis for periodically correlated time series of functions. We define the components of the above analysis including periodic, operator-valued filters,…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-02 Łukasz Kidziński , Piotr Kokoszka , Neda Mohammadi Jouzdani

This paper focuses on the analysis of spatially correlated functional data. The between-curve correlation is modeled by correlating functional principal component scores of the functional data. We propose a Spatial Principal Analysis by…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-19 Chong Liu , Surajit Ray , Giles Hooker

Traditional Functional Principal Component Analysis typically focuses on densely observed univariate functional data, yet many applications, particularly in longitudinal studies, involve multivariate functional data observed sparsely and…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-23 Uche Mbaka , Michelle Carey

We propose an estimation approach to analyse correlated functional data which are observed on unequal grids or even sparsely. The model we use is a functional linear mixed model, a functional analogue of the linear mixed model. Estimation…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-08-10 Jona Cederbaum , Marianne Pouplier , Phil Hoole , Sonja Greven

In this paper, we consider multivariate functional time series with a two-way dependence structure: a serial dependence across time points and a graphical interaction among the multiple functions within each time point. We develop the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-27 Jianbin Tan , Decai Liang , Yongtao Guan , Hui Huang

Functional principal component analysis is one of the most commonly employed approaches in functional and longitudinal data analysis and we extend it to analyze functional/longitudinal data observed on a general $d$-dimensional domain. The…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-07 Lu-Hung Chen , Ci-Ren Jiang

Multidimensional functional data streams arise in diverse scientific fields, yet their analysis poses significant challenges. We propose a novel online framework for functional principal component analysis that enables efficient and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-06 Muye Nanshan , Nan Zhang , Jiguo Cao

The paper is concerned with asymptotic properties of the principal components analysis of functional data. The currently available results assume the existence of the fourth moment. We develop analogous results in a setting which does not…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-12-10 Piotr Kokoszka , Stilian Stoev , Qian Xiong

Sparse functional data arise when measurements are observed infrequently and at irregular time points for each subject, often in the presence of measurement error. These characteristics introduce additional challenges for functional…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-20 Uche Mbaka , Jiguo Cao , Michelle Carey

Functional principal component analysis has been shown to be invaluable for revealing variation modes of longitudinal outcomes, which serves as important building blocks for forecasting and model building. Decades of research have advanced…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-07 Peijun Sang , Dehan Kong , Shu Yang

The analysis of multivariate functional curves has the potential to yield important scientific discoveries in domains such as healthcare, medicine, economics and social sciences. However, it is common for real-world settings to present…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-23 Tui Nolan , Sylvia Richardson , Hélène Ruffieux

We propose a new method to impute missing values in mixed datasets. It is based on a principal components method, the factorial analysis for mixed data, which balances the influence of all the variables that are continuous and categorical…

Applications · Statistics 2013-02-20 Vincent Audigier , François Husson , Julie Josse

Functional data analysis is a fast evolving branch of modern statistics and the functional linear model has become popular in recent years. However, most estimation methods for this model rely on generalized least squares procedures and…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-24 Ioannis Kalogridis , Stefan Van Aelst

In scientific applications, multivariate observations often come in tandem with temporal or spatial covariates, with which the underlying signals vary smoothly. The standard approaches such as principal component analysis and factor…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-15 Mark Koudstaal , Dengdeng Yu , Dehan Kong , Fang Yao

The probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA) is built upon a global linear mapping, with which it is insufficient to model complex data variation. This paper proposes a mixture of bilateral-projection probabilistic principal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-08 Fujiao Ju , Yanfeng Sun , Junbin Gao , Simeng Liu , Yongli Hu

We consider the sparse principal component analysis for high-dimensional stationary processes. The standard principal component analysis performs poorly when the dimension of the process is large. We establish the oracle inequalities for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-17 Kou Fujimori , Yuichi Goto , Yan Liu , Masanobu Taniguchi

The problem of estimating trend and seasonal variation in time-series data has been studied over several decades, although mostly using single time series. This paper studies the problem of estimating these components from functional data,…

Applications · Statistics 2017-04-25 Liang-Hsuan Tai , Anuj Srivastava , Kyle A. Gallivan

This paper proposes a new factor rotation for the context of functional principal components analysis. This rotation seeks to re-represent a functional subspace in terms of directions of decreasing smoothness as represented by a generalized…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-18 Giles Hooker , Steven Roberts

Regularized variants of Principal Components Analysis, especially Sparse PCA and Functional PCA, are among the most useful tools for the analysis of complex high-dimensional data. Many examples of massive data, have both sparse and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-21 Genevera I. Allen , Michael Weylandt
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