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Quantum networks provide unique possibilities for resolving open questions on entanglement and promise innovative applications ranging from secure communication to scalable computation. While two quantum nodes coupled by a single channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Manuel Brekenfeld , Dominik Niemietz , Joseph Dale Christesen , Gerhard Rempe

In practical satellite-based quantum key distribution (QKD) systems, the preparation and transmission of polarization-encoding photons suffer from complex environmental effects and high channel-loss. Consequently, the hinge to enhancing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-14 Zexu Wang , Huaxing Xu , Ju Li , Jinquan Huang , Hui Han , Changlei Wang , Ping Zhang , Feifei Yin , Kun Xu , Bo Liu , Yitang Dai

Quantum communications promises reliable transmission of quantum information, efficient distribution of entanglement and generation of completely secure keys. For all these tasks, we need to determine the optimal point-to-point rates that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-27 Stefano Pirandola , Riccardo Laurenza , Carlo Ottaviani , Leonardo Banchi

In this thesis, I explore whether it is possible to build a unified Quantum Internet architecture that supports different types of quantum repeaters -- especially the two most distinct and seemingly incompatible ones: memory-based quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Naphan Benchasattabuse

With the rapid growth of handheld devices in the internet of things (IoT) networks, mobile applications have become ubiquitous in everyday life. As technology is developed, so do also the risks and threats associated with it, especially in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Guyue Li , Hongyi Luo , Jiabao Yu , Aiqun Hu , Jiangzhou Wang

The development of large-scale quantum communication networks faces critical challenges due to photon loss and decoherence in optical fiber channels. These fundamentally limit transmission distances and demand dense networks of repeater…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers unconditional information security by allowing two distant users to establish a common encryption key resilient to hacking. Resultingly, QKD networks interconnecting critical infrastructure and enabling…

Quantum information degrades over distance due to the unavoidable imperfections of the transmission channels, with loss as the leading factor. This simple fact hinders quantum communication, as it relies on propagating quantum systems. A…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-29 Filippo M. Miatto , Michael Epping , Norbert Lutkenhaus

Quantum repeater is one of the important building blocks for long distance quantum communication network. The previous quantum repeaters based on atomic ensembles and linear optical elements can only be performed with a maximal success…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-03 Tao Li , Fu-Guo Deng

Quantum communication holds promise for unconditionally secure transmission of secret messages and faithful transfer of unknown quantum states. Photons appear to be the medium of choice for quantum communication. Owing to photon losses,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-12 Koji Azuma , Kiyoshi Tamaki , Hoi-Kwong Lo

The quantum repeater protocol is a promising approach to implement long-distance quantum communication and large-scale quantum networks. A key idea of the quantum repeater protocol is to use long-lived quantum memories to achieve efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-31 Yunfei Pu , Sheng Zhang , Yukai Wu , Nan Jiang , Wei Chang , Chang Li , Luming Duan

There are various approaches to long-range quantum communication based on conceptually different forms of quantum repeaters. Here we explore a quantum repeater scheme that employs quantum error correction (QEC) both on the flying (light)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-04 Stefan Häussler , Peter van Loock

This article develops a protocol to synchronize clocks on board a network of satellites equipped with quantum resources. We show that, in such a constellation, satellites reinforce each other's sync capabilities, forming a common clock that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-21 Sage Ducoing , Ivan Agullo , James E. Troupe , Stav Haldar

In pursuit of a global quantum key distribution (QKD) network, a service based on untrusted nodes on geostationary satellites could offer wide coverage, continuous operation, and enhanced security compared to the trusted node alternative.…

In quantum mechanics, a fundamental law prevents quantum communications to simultaneously achieve high rates and long distances. This limitation is well known for point-to-point protocols, where two parties are directly connected by a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-06 Stefano Pirandola

Due to the high noise caused by solar background radiation, the existing satellite-based free-space quantum key distribution (QKD) experiments are mainly carried out at night, hindering the establishment of a practical all-day real-time…

Using quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols, a secret key is created between two distant users (transmitter and receiver) at a particular key rate. Quantum technology can facilitate secure communication for cryptographic applications,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Venkat Abhignan , Mohit Mittal , Aditi Das , Megha Shrivastava

Satellite-based quantum key distribution (QKD), leveraging low photon loss in free-space quantum communication, is widely regarded as one of the most promising directions to achieve global-scale QKD. With a constellation of satellites and a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Md Zakir Hossain , Nitish K. Panigrahy , Walter O. Krawec , Don Towsley , Bing Wang

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a revolutionary cryptography response to the rapidly growing cyberattacks threat posed by quantum computing. Yet, the roadblock limiting the vast expanse of secure quantum communication is the exponential…

With the help of quantum key distribution (QKD), two distant peers are able to share information-theoretically secure key bits. Increasing key rate is ultimately significant for the applications of QKD in lossy channel. However, it has…