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We prove a priori and a posteriori error estimates for physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for linear PDEs. We analyze elliptic equations in primal and mixed form, elasticity, parabolic, hyperbolic and Stokes equations; and a PDE…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-11 Marius Zeinhofer , Rami Masri , Kent-André Mardal

Deep learning has been shown to be an effective tool in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) through physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). PINNs embed the PDE residual into the loss function of the neural network, and have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Jeremy Yu , Lu Lu , Xuhui Meng , George Em Karniadakis

Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) represent a very popular class of neural solvers for partial differential equations. In practice, one often employs stochastic gradient descent type algorithms to train the neural network. Therefore,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Bangti Jin , Longjun Wu

We introduce an optimized physics-informed neural network (PINN) trained to solve the problem of identifying and characterizing a surface breaking crack in a metal plate. PINNs are neural networks that can combine data and physics in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-09 Khemraj Shukla , Patricio Clark Di Leoni , James Blackshire , Daniel Sparkman , George Em Karniadakis

To solve high-dimensional parameter-dependent partial differential equations (pPDEs), a neural network architecture is presented. It is constructed to map parameters of the model data to corresponding finite element solutions. To improve…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-20 Janina E. Schütte , Martin Eigel

Approximating solutions to partial differential equations (PDEs) is fundamental for the modeling of dynamical systems in science and engineering. Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are a recent machine learning-based approach, for…

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as a prominent paradigm for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), yet their training strategies remain underexplored. While hard prioritization methods inspired by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Zhaoqian Gao , Min Yanga

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) face significant challenges in modeling multi-frequency wavefields in complex velocity models due to their slow convergence, difficulty in representing high-frequency details, and lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Shijun Cheng , Tariq Alkhalifah

Learning the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) with a neural network is an attractive alternative to traditional solvers due to its elegance, greater flexibility and the ease of incorporating observed data. However, training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Katsiaryna Haitsiukevich , Alexander Ilin

Partial differential equations (PDEs) on surfaces are fundamental to scientific computing and geometry processing. A popular approach to solving PDEs on surfaces is the finite element method (FEM), where the surface is divided into discrete…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Pranav Jain , Navami Kairanda , Peter Yichen Chen , Oded Stein

Integrated photonic neural networks (IPNNs) are emerging as promising successors to conventional electronic AI accelerators as they offer substantial improvements in computing speed and energy efficiency. In particular, coherent IPNNs use…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Sanmitra Banerjee , Mahdi Nikdast , Krishnendu Chakrabarty

We propose a meta-learning technique for offline discovery of physics-informed neural network (PINN) loss functions. We extend earlier works on meta-learning, and develop a gradient-based meta-learning algorithm for addressing diverse task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Apostolos F Psaros , Kenji Kawaguchi , George Em Karniadakis

Compared with conventional numerical approaches to solving partial differential equations (PDEs), physics-informed neural networks (PINN) have manifested the capability to save development effort and computational cost, especially in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Shihong Zhang , Chi Zhang , Bosen Wang

Differential equations are indispensable to engineering and hence to innovation. In recent years, physics-informed neural networks (PINN) have emerged as a novel method for solving differential equations. PINN method has the advantage of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Mayank Raj , Pramod Kumbhar , Ratna Kumar Annabattula

We propose a new composite neural network (NN) that can be trained based on multi-fidelity data. It is comprised of three NNs, with the first NN trained using the low-fidelity data and coupled to two high-fidelity NNs, one with activation…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Xuhui Meng , George Em Karniadakis

Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are shown to be a promising method for the approximation of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). PINNs approximate the PDE solution by minimizing physics-based loss functions over a given domain.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-09-13 Shoaib Goraya , Nahil Sobh , Arif Masud

Reconstructing unknown external source functions is an important perception capability for a large range of robotics domains including manipulation, aerial, and underwater robotics. In this work, we propose a Physics-Informed Neural Network…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Youngsun Wi , Jayjun Lee , Miquel Oller , Nima Fazeli

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are extensively employed to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by ensuring that the outputs and gradients of deep learning models adhere to the governing equations. However, constrained by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Chenhao Si , Ming Yan

Spectral bias, the tendency of neural networks to learn low-frequency features first, is a well-known issue with many training algorithms for physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). To overcome this issue, we propose IFeF-PINN, an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Yulun Wu , Miguel Aguiar , Karl H. Johansson , Matthieu Barreau

Although physics-informed neural networks(PINNs) have progressed a lot in many real applications recently, there remains problems to be further studied, such as achieving more accurate results, taking less training time, and quantifying the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Bin Shan , Ye Li , Shengjun Huang