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Fuzzy logic extends the classical truth values "true" and "false" with additional truth degrees in between. More specifically, fuzzy modal logics in this sense are given by a choice of fuzzy modalities and a fuzzy propositional base. It has…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Stefan Gebhart , Lutz Schröder , Paul Wild

Soft set theory, introduced by Molodtsov [Molodtsov, D. (1999). Soft set theory-first results. Comput. Math. Appl., 37(4-5), 19-31], provides a flexible framework for managing uncertainty and vagueness, addressing limitations in traditional…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-06-02 Santanu Acharjee , Sidhartha Medhi

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), natural language processing (NLP) has achieved remarkable progress. Nonetheless, significant challenges remain in handling texts with ambiguity, polysemy, or uncertainty. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Ping Chen , Xiang Liu , Zhaoxiang Liu , Zezhou Chen , Xingpeng Zhang , Huan Hu , Zipeng Wang , Kai Wang , Shuming Shi , Shiguo Lian

In this paper we present a propositional logic programming language for reasoning under possibilistic uncertainty and representing vague knowledge. Formulas are represented by pairs (A, c), where A is a many-valued proposition and c is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Teresa Alsinet , Lluis Godo

Classical logic has a serious limitation in that it cannot cope with the issues of vagueness and uncertainty into which fall most modes of human reasoning. In order to provide a foundation for human knowledge representation and reasoning in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-08-30 Van Hung Le

Fuzzy answer set programming (FASP) combines two declarative frameworks, answer set programming and fuzzy logic, in order to model reasoning by default over imprecise information. Several connectives are available to combine different…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Mario Alviano , Rafael Penaloza

In this paper we present, by way of case studies, a proof of concept, based on a prototype working on a automotive data set, aimed at showing the potential usefulness of using formulas of {\L}ukasiewicz propositional logic to query…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-12-04 Stefano Aguzzoli , Pietro Codara , Tommaso Flaminio , Brunella Gerla , Diego Valota

The increasing rise in artificial intelligence has made the use of imprecise language in computer programs like ChatGPT more prominent. Fuzzy logic addresses this form of imprecise language by introducing the concept of fuzzy sets, where…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Kevin Min , Hayden Jananthan , Jeremy Kepner

Fuzzy implication functions are a key area of study in fuzzy logic, extending the classical logical conditional to handle truth degrees in the interval $[0,1]$. While existing literature often focuses on a limited number of families, in the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Raquel Fernandez-Peralta

Within the possibilistic approach to uncertainty modeling, the paper presents a modal logical system to reason about qualitative (comparative) statements of the possibility (and necessity) of fuzzy propositions. We relate this qualitative…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-02-28 Petr Hajek , Dagmar Harmancová , Francesc Esteva , Pere Garcia , Lluis Godo

Real-valued logics underlie an increasing number of neuro-symbolic approaches, though typically their logical inference capabilities are characterized only qualitatively. We provide foundations for establishing the correctness and power of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Ronald Fagin , Ryan Riegel , Alexander Gray

A new approach for uncertainty management for fuzzy, rule based decision support systems is proposed: The domain expert's knowledge is expressed by a set of rules that frequently refer to vague and uncertain propositions. The certainty of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-10 Christoph F. Eick

Fuzzing is the process of finding security vulnerabilities in input-processing code by repeatedly testing the code with modified inputs. In this paper, we formalize fuzzing as a reinforcement learning problem using the concept of Markov…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-16 Konstantin Böttinger , Patrice Godefroid , Rishabh Singh

Rule mining algorithms are one of the fundamental techniques in data mining for disclosing significant patterns in terms of linguistic rules expressed in natural language. In this paper, we revisit the concept of fuzzy implicative rule to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Raquel Fernandez-Peralta

In this article, we describe the fuzzy logic, fuzzy language and algorithms as the basis of fuzzy reasoning, one of the intelligent information processing method, and then describe the general fuzzy reasoning method.

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-04-13 Kwak Son Il

We propose a new mathematical framework for the evolution and propagation of opinions, called Fuzzy Opinion Network, which is the connection of a number of Gaussian Nodes, possibly through some weighted average, time-delay or logic…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-02-24 Li-Xin Wang , Jerry M. Mendel

Fuzzy logic programming is a growing declarative paradigm aiming to integrate fuzzy logic into logic programming. One of the most difficult tasks when specifying a fuzzy logic program is determining the right weights for each rule, as well…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-08-17 Ginés Moreno , Jaime Penabad , Germán Vidal

In a recent paper [1] we introduced the Fuzzy Bayesian Learning (FBL) paradigm where expert opinions can be encoded in the form of fuzzy rule bases and the hyper-parameters of the fuzzy sets can be learned from data using a Bayesian…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-04-07 Indranil Pan , Dirk Bester

In the subjective Bayesian approach uncertainty is described by a prior distribution chosen by the statistician. Fuzzy set theory is another way of representing uncertainty. Here we give a decision theoretic approach which allows a Bayesian…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Glen Meeden

A presentation is provided of the basic notions and operations of a) the propositional calculus of a variant of fuzzy logic -- canonical fuzzy logic, CFL -- and in a more succinct and introductory way, of b) the theory of fuzzy sets…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-05-27 Osvaldo Skliar , Sherry Gapper , Ricardo E. Monge