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Deciphering the associations between network connectivity and nodal attributes is one of the core problems in network science. The dependency structure and high-dimensionality of networks pose unique challenges to traditional dependency…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-27 Youjin Lee , Cencheng Shen , Carey E. Priebe , Joshua T. Vogelstein

We define the concept of dependence among multiple variables using maximum entropy techniques and introduce a graphical notation to denote the dependencies. Direct inference of information theoretic quantities from data uncovers…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2007-07-13 Ilya Nemenman

Conditional-independence-based discovery uses statistical tests to identify a graphical model that represents the independence structure of variables in a dataset. These tests, however, can be unreliable, and algorithms are sensitive to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Philipp M. Faller , Dominik Janzing

The identification of influential observations is an important part of data analysis that can prevent erroneous conclusions drawn from biased estimators. However, in high dimensional data, this identification is challenging. Classical and…

Structural and functional neuroimaging modalities provide complementary windows into brain organization: structural imaging characterizes neural tissue anatomy and microstructure, while functional imaging captures dynamic patterns of neural…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Sakul Mahat , Sharmistha Guha , Jessica Bernard

Human brains exhibit highly organized multiscale neurophysiological dynamics. Understanding those dynamic changes and the neuronal networks involved is critical for understanding how the brain functions in health and disease. Functional…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-09 Manuel Morante , Kristian Frølich , Naveed ur Rehman

Representations of probability measures in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces provide a flexible framework for fully nonparametric hypothesis tests of independence, which can capture any type of departure from independence, including…

Computation · Statistics 2018-06-11 Qinyi Zhang , Sarah Filippi , Arthur Gretton , Dino Sejdinovic

Temporal data are increasingly prevalent in modern data science. A fundamental question is whether two time series are related or not. Existing approaches often have limitations, such as relying on parametric assumptions, detecting only…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-29 Cencheng Shen , Jaewon Chung , Ronak Mehta , Ting Xu , Joshua T. Vogelstein

Detection with high dimensional multimodal data is a challenging problem when there are complex inter- and intra- modal dependencies. While several approaches have been proposed for dependent data fusion (e.g., based on copula theory),…

Applications · Statistics 2018-02-14 Thakshila Wimalajeewa , Pramod K. Varshney

This paper presents and analyzes an approach to cluster-based inference for dependent data. The primary setting considered here is with spatially indexed data in which the dependence structure of observed random variables is characterized…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-16 Jianfei Cao , Christian Hansen , Damian Kozbur , Lucciano Villacorta

Neuroimaging data allows researchers to model the relationship between multivariate patterns of brain activity and outcomes related to mental states and behaviors. However, the existence of outlying participants can potentially undermine…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-17 Dongliang Zhang , Masoud Asgharian , Martin A. Lindquist

In recent years, it has become common practice in neuroscience to use networks to summarize relational information in a set of measurements, typically assumed to be reflective of either functional or structural relationships between regions…

Applications · Statistics 2017-03-20 Cedric E. Ginestet , Jun Li , Prakash Balachandran , Steven Rosenberg , Eric D. Kolaczyk

An important aspect of multiple hypothesis testing is controlling the significance level, or the level of Type I error. When the test statistics are not independent it can be particularly challenging to deal with this problem, without…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-03-04 Sandy Clarke , Peter Hall

There has been increasing interests in learning resting-state brain functional connectivity of autism disorders using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. The data in a standard brain template consist of over 200,000 voxel…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-03-22 Jichun Xie , Jian Kang

Statisticians increasingly face the problem to reconsider the adaptability of classical inference techniques. In particular, divers types of high-dimensional data structures are observed in various research areas; disclosing the boundaries…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-09 Paavo Sattler , Markus Pauly

Mutual information (MI) is a fundamental measure of statistical dependence between two variables, yet accurate estimation from finite data remains notoriously difficult. No estimator is universally reliable, and common approaches fail in…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-10-02 Eslam Abdelaleem , K. Michael Martini , Ilya Nemenman

In many modern applications, a dependent functional response is observed for each subject over repeated time, leading to longitudinal functional data. In this paper, we propose a novel statistical procedure to test whether the mean function…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-17 Salil Koner , So Young Park , Ana-Maria Staicu

Multiple testing has been a popular topic in statistical research. Although vast works have been done, controlling the false discoveries remains a challenging task when the corresponding test statistics are dependent. Various methods have…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-05 Meng Mei , Tao Yu , Yuan Jiang

Handling highly dependent data is crucial in clinical trials, particularly in fields related to ophthalmology. Incorrectly specifying the dependency structure can lead to biased inferences. Traditionally, models rely on three fixed…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-30 Shuyi Liang , Takeshi Emura , Chang-Xing Ma , Yijing Xin , Xin-Wei Huang

Analyzing the covariance structure of data is a fundamental task of statistics. While this task is simple for low-dimensional observations, it becomes challenging for more intricate objects, such as multivariate functions. Here, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-12 Holger Dette , Gauthier Dierickx , Tim Kutta