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Let $v$ be a vector field in a bounded open set $G\subset {\mathbb {R}}^d$. Suppose that $v$ is observed with a random noise at random points $X_i, i=1,...,n,$ that are independent and uniformly distributed in $G.$ The problem is to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Vladimir Koltchinskii , Lyudmila Sakhanenko , Songhe Cai

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at the single-molecule level with atomic resolution holds transformative potential for structural biology and surface chemistry. Near-surface solid-state spin sensors with optical readout ability offer a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Yu Chen , Qi Zhang , Yuanhong Teng , Chihang Luo , Zhijie Li , Jinpeng Liu , Ya Wang , Fazhan Shi , Jiangfeng Du

Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) provides ultrasensitive means to detect and image a small number of electron and nuclear spins, down to the single spin level with nanoscale resolution. Despite the significant recent progress in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 Aharon Blank , Guy Shapiro , Ran Fischer , Paz London , David Gershoni

Sensitive nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of target spins using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond will require a quantitative understanding of dominant noise at the surface. We probe this noise by applying dynamical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-07-11 Bryan A. Myers , Matthieu C. Dartiailh , Kenichi Ohno , Ananda Das , David D. Awschalom , Ania C. Bleszynski Jayich

We propose Microscopic Propagator Imaging (MPI) as a novel method to retrieve the indices of the microscopic propagator which is the probability density function of water displacements due to diffusion within the nervous tissue…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-03 Tommaso Zajac , Gloria Menegaz , Marco Pizzolato

The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a leading solid-state platform for room-temperature quantum magnetometry owing to its long spin coherence times, optical spin initialization and readout, and high sensitivity to magnetic,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Satyam Pandey , Abhimanyu Magapu , Prabhat Anand , Ankit Khandelwal , M. Girish Chandra

Ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) provides a new regime for many applications ranging from materials science to fundamental physics. However, the experimentally observed spectra show asymmetric amplitudes, differing greatly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-22 Min Jiang , Wenjie Xu , Yunlan Ji , Ji Bian , Shiming Song , Xinhua Peng

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revolutionized biomedical science by providing non-invasive, three-dimensional biological imaging. However, spatial resolution in conventional MRI systems is limited to tens of microns, which is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 M. S. Grinolds , M. Warner , K. De Greve , Y. Dovzhenko , L. Thiel , R. L. Walsworth , S. Hong , P. Maletinsky , A. Yacoby

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) represent versatile tools with diverse applications spanning physics, chemistry, geology, and medical science. This comprehensive review explores the foundational…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-03-07 Islam G. Ali

Hybrid photoelectric detection of NV magnetic resonances (PDMR) is anticipated to lead to scalable quantum chip technology. To achieve this goal, it is crucial to prove that PDMR readout is compatible with the coherent spin control. Here we…

Nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging (nanoMRI) aims at obtaining structure at the single molecule level. Most of the techniques for effecting a nanoMRI gradient use small permanent magnets. Here, we present a switchable magnetic field…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Leora Schein-Lubomirsky , Yarden Mazor , Rainer Stöhr , Andrej Denisenko , Amit Finkler

Chemical shifts and J-couplings are fundamental parameters in NMR spectroscopy as they provide structural information about molecules. Extracting these quantities from isotopes such as carbon or nitrogen results in reduced sensitivity due…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 P. Alsina-Bolívar , J. Casanova

Diffusion-based image super-resolution (SR) aims to reconstruct high-resolution (HR) images from low-resolution (LR) observations. However, the inherent randomness injected during the reverse diffusion process causes the performance of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Shuwei Huang , Shizhuo Liu , Zijun Wei

The velocity auto-correlation spectra of simple liquids obtained by the NMR method of modulated gradient spin echo show features in the low frequency range up to a few kHz, which can be explained reasonably well by a $t^{-3/2}$ long time…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-11-30 Janez Stepišnik , Carlos Mattea , Siegfried Stapf , Aleš Mohorič

Diffusion-encoded magnetic resonance (MR) experiments can provide important insights into the microstructural characteristics of a variety of biological tissues and other fluid- or gas-filled porous media. The physics of diffusion encoding…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-09-30 Justin P. Haldar

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments on subnanoliter (sub-nL) volumes are hindered by the limited sensitivity of the detector and the difficulties in positioning and holding such small samples in proximity of the detector. Here, we…

Biological Physics · Physics 2018-07-04 E. Montinaro , M. Grisi , M. C. Letizia , L. Pethö , M. A. M. Gijs , R. Guidetti , J. Michler , J. Brugger , G. Boero

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers show great potentials for nanoscale bio-sensing and bio-imaging. Nevertheless, their envisioned bio-applications suffer from intrinsic background noise due to unavoidable light scattering and autofluorescence…

Optics · Physics 2024-08-05 Yayin Tan , Xiaolu Wang , Feng Xu , Xinhao Hu , Yuan Lin , Bo Gao , Zhiqin Chu

We present a scheme of surface-sensitive nuclear magnetic resonance in optically pumped semiconductors, where an NMR signal from a part of the surface of a bulk compound semiconductor is detected apart from the bulk signal. It utilizes…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2008-09-12 Atsushi Goto , Tadashi Shimizu , Kenjiro Hashi , Shinobu Ohki

The NV-NMR spectrometer is a promising candidate for detection of NMR signals at the nano scale. Field inhomogeneities, however, are a major source of noise that limits spectral resolution in state of the art NV - NMR experiments and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-16 Yotam Vaknin , Benedikt Tratzmiller , Tuvia Gefen , Ilai Schwartz , Martin Plenio , Alex Retzker

Widefield magnetic imaging using ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in diamond has emerged as a useful technique for studying the microscopic magnetic properties of materials. Thus far, this technique has mainly been implemented on…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-05 Alex Shaji , David A. Broadway , Philipp Reineck , Kevin J. Rietwyk , Jean-Philippe Tetienne